一、监听异常现象

[oracle@gongantest ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 15-DEC-2011 14:15:06
Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gongantest)(PORT=1521)))
Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.11.60)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12542: TNS:address already in use
 TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
  TNS-00512: Address already in use
   Linux Error: 98: Address already in use
Listener failed to start. See the error message(s) above...
[oracle@gongantest ~]$ more /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = gongantest)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.11.60)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

二、相关网络配置

[oracle@gongantest ~]$ ping gongantest -c 2
PING gongantest (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from gongantest (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms
64 bytes from gongantest (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.016 ms
--- gongantest ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.016/0.028/0.040/0.012 ms
[oracle@gongantest ~]$ more /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               gongantest localhost.localdomain localhost
[oracle@gongantest ~]$ cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[oracle@gongantest network-scripts]$ more ifcfg-eth0
# Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.11.255
HWADDR=00:14:22:10:96:C9
IPADDR=192.168.11.60
NETMASK=255.255.252.0
NETWORK=192.168.8.0
ONBOOT=yes
[oracle@gongantest network-scripts]$ more ifcfg-eth1
# Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
HWADDR=00:14:22:10:96:CA
ONBOOT=no
HOTPLUG=no
DHCP_HOSTNAME=gongantest
[oracle@gongantest network-scripts]$ hostname
gongantest
[oracle@gongantest network-scripts]$ more /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=gongantest
GATEWAY=192.168.8.1

三、解决问题

[oracle@gongantest ~]$ more /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.11.60)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )
[oracle@gongantest etc]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 15-DEC-2011 14:17:54
Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Starting /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.11.60)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                15-DEC-2011 14:17:54
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.11.60)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

四、补充说明
如果把hostname配置在hosts中的127.0.0.1项,那么如果在监听中使用了hostname,再配置一个host监听该机器的ip地址(非127.0.0.1),那么会报文章开头的错误,解决方法有两种:
1、监听中全部采用ip地址
2、在hosts中配置hostname对应ip地址(非127.0.0.1)