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标题：[MySQL异常恢复]使用工具直接抽取MySQL数据字典
作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]
熟悉Oracle的朋友都知道,当Oracle数据库无法正常启动之时,可以通过dul或者其他三方工具直接读取数据文件中数据,从而来抢救数据,减少损失,在mysql中如果使用了innodb引擎也可以在mysql数据库不启动启动下抽取相关记录.本文为抽取数据字典篇章,后续将继续提供drop恢复,truncate 恢复,delete恢复等mysql非常规恢复篇章.
创建一张get_dict测试表
mysql> use xifenfei;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_xifenfei |
+--------------------+
| t_delete |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table get_dict(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into get_dict value(1,'www.xifenfei.com');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into get_dict value(2,'www.xifenfei.com-xifenfei');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into get_dict value(3,'xifenfei-www.xifenfei.com');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_xifenfei |
+--------------------+
| get_dict |
| t_delete |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec
mysql> select TABLE_NAME,TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_TYPE from information_schema.tables
-> where table_name='get_dict';
+------------+--------------+------------+
| TABLE_NAME | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_TYPE |
+------------+--------------+------------+
| get_dict | xifenfei | BASE TABLE |
+------------+--------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select TABLE_NAME,NON_UNIQUE,TABLE_SCHEMA,INDEX_SCHEMA,INDEX_NAME,COLUMN_NAME from
-> INFORMATION_SCHEMA.STATISTICS where TABLE_NAME='get_dict';
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| TABLE_NAME | NON_UNIQUE | TABLE_SCHEMA | INDEX_SCHEMA | INDEX_NAME | COLUMN_NAME |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
| get_dict | 0 | xifenfei | xifenfei | PRIMARY | id |
+------------+------------+--------------+--------------+------------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,ORDINAL_POSITION from
-> information_schema.COLUMNS where table_name='get_dict';
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | ORDINAL_POSITION |
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
| xifenfei | get_dict | id | 1 |
| xifenfei | get_dict | name | 2 |
+--------------+------------+-------------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
关闭mysql数据库
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql stop Shutting down MySQL..[ OK ] [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 18876 15827 0 18:05 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysql
使用工具解析innodb文件
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./stream_parser -f /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 File information: Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 File information: ID of device containing file: 2054 inode number: 1782889 ID of device containing file: 2054 protection: 100660 inode number: 1782889 (regular file) protection: 100660 number of hard links: 1 (regular file) user ID of owner: 101 number of hard links: 1 group ID of owner: 102 user ID of owner: 101 device ID (if special file): 0 group ID of owner: 102 blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096 device ID (if special file): 0 number of blocks allocated: 24616 blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096 Opening file: /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1 number of blocks allocated: 24616 File information: ……………… user ID of owner: 101 group ID of owner: 102 device ID (if special file): 0 blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096 ID of device containing file: 2054 number of blocks allocated: 24616 inode number: 1782889 protection: 100660 (regular file) number of hard links: 1 user ID of owner: 101 group ID of owner: 102 device ID (if special file): 0 blocksize for filesystem I/O: 4096 number of blocks allocated: 24616 time of last access: 1417922668 Sun Dec 7 11:24:28 2014 time of last modification: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014 time of last status change: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014 time of last access: 1417922668 Sun Dec 7 11:24:28 2014 total size, in bytes: 12582912 (12.000 MiB) time of last modification: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014 time of last status change: 1418294104 Thu Dec 11 18:35:04 2014 Size to process: 12582912 (12.000 MiB) total size, in bytes: 12582912 (12.000 MiB) Size to process: 12582912 (12.000 MiB) All workers finished in 0 sec
主要文件介绍
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ls -l pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/ total 1388 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000001.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000002.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000003.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000004.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000005.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000011.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000012.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000013.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000014.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000015.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147456 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000016.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 98304 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000017.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 114688 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000018.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000019.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000020.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49152 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000021.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65536 Dec 11 18:51 0000000000000025.page -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Dec 11 18:51 18446744069414584320.page
0000000000000001.page主要是记录mysql中表信息文件
0000000000000002.page主要是记录mysql中的表的列的信息文件
0000000000000003.page主要是记录mysql中表的index信息文件
抽取table数据
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000001.page -t dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_TABLES 2> dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# grep get dumps/default/SYS_TABLES | head -5 000000000D1D 95000001510110 SYS_TABLES "xifenfei/get\_dict" 23 2 1 0 80 "" 9 [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_TABLES' REPLACE INTO TABLE `SYS_TABLES` FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_TABLES\t' (`NAME`, `ID`, `N_COLS`, `TYPE`, `MIX_ID`, `MIX_LEN`, `CLUSTER_NAME`, `SPACE`);
抽取column数据
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000002.page -t dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql > dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS 2> dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# cat dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS -- Page id: 10, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (115 115) 000000000300 800000012D0123 SYS_COLUMNS 11 0 "ID" 1 4 0 0 000000000300 800000012D0138 SYS_COLUMNS 11 1 "FOR\_NAME" 1 4 0 0 ………… 000000000D1D 95000001510129 SYS_COLUMNS 23 0 "id" 6 1283 4 0 000000000D1D 9500000151013E SYS_COLUMNS 23 1 "name" 1 524303 100 0 -- Page id: 10, Found records: 115, Lost records: NO, Leaf page: YES [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS' REPLACE INTO TABLE `SYS_COLUMNS` FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_COLUMNS\t' (`TABLE_ID`, `POS`, `NAME`, `MTYPE`, `PRTYPE`, `LEN`, `PREC`);
抽取index数据
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ./c_parser -4f pages-ibdata1/FIL_PAGE_INDEX/0000000000000003.page -t dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql > dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES 2> dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0; LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/tmp/recovery_mysql/dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES' REPLACE INTO TABLE `SYS_INDEXES` FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES STARTING BY 'SYS_INDEXES\t' (`TABLE_ID`, `ID`, `NAME`, `N_FIELDS`, `TYPE`, `SPACE`, `PAGE_NO`); [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# more dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES -- Page id: 11, Format: REDUNDANT, Records list: Valid, Expected records: (13 13) 000000000300 800000012D0177 SYS_INDEXES 11 11 "ID\_IND" 1 3 0 302 ………… 000000000B02 820000013504C8 SYS_INDEXES 20 22 "GEN\_CLUST\_INDEX" 0 1 6 3 000000000D1D 9500000151016B SYS_INDEXES 23 25 "PRIMARY" 1 3 9 3
启动mysql数据库
[root@localhost recovery_mysql]# service mysql start Starting MySQL..[ OK ] [root@localhost recovery_mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 18948 1 0 19:57 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid mysql 19049 18948 14 19:57 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid root 19078 15827 0 19:58 pts/1 00:00:00 grep mysql
创建抽取数据字典表
mysql> source dictionary/SYS_TABLES.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ………… mysql> source dictionary/SYS_INDEXES.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ………… mysql> source dictionary/SYS_COLUMNS.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) ………… mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | SYS_COLUMNS | | SYS_INDEXES | | SYS_TABLES | +----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
加载抽取数据字典数据
mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_TABLES.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 11 rows affected (0.03 sec) Records: 11 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_INDEXES.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 39 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 39 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> source dumps/default/SYS_COLUMNS.sql Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 115 rows affected (0.00 sec) Records: 115 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
验证抽取数据字典数据
mysql> desc SYS_TABLES
-> ;
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| NAME | varchar(255) | NO | PRI | | |
| ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| N_COLS | int(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| TYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| MIX_ID | bigint(20) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| MIX_LEN | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| CLUSTER_NAME | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| SPACE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT NAME,ID from SYS_TABLES WHERE NAME='xifenfei/get_dict';
+-------------------+----+
| NAME | ID |
+-------------------+----+
| xifenfei/get_dict | 23 |
+-------------------+----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc SYS_COLUMNS
-> ;
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| TABLE_ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| POS | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| NAME | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| MTYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| PRTYPE | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| LEN | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| PREC | int(10) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,NAME,MTYPE FROM SYS_COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
+----------+------+-------+
| TABLE_ID | NAME | MTYPE |
+----------+------+-------+
| 23 | id | 6 |
| 23 | name | 1 |
+----------+------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT TABLE_ID,ID,NAME,TYPE FROM SYS_INDEXES WHERE TABLE_ID=23;
+----------+----+---------+------+
| TABLE_ID | ID | NAME | TYPE |
+----------+----+---------+------+
| 23 | 25 | PRIMARY | 3 |
+----------+----+---------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这里基本上可以看出来,在mysql数据库未启动情况下,使用工具可以正常抽取mysql数据字典信息