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TDE中比较核心部分为wallet,对于这部分进行测试,对钱包加密有更加深刻的理解.
wallet随库启动本质
[oracle@localhost wallets]$ ls -ltr total 8 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 3637 Jan 5 23:11 ewallet.p12 [oracle@localhost wallets]$ [oracle@localhost wallets]$ [oracle@localhost wallets]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jan 5 23:16:13 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5044088832 bytes Fixed Size 2261928 bytes Variable Size 1040190552 bytes Database Buffers 3992977408 bytes Redo Buffers 8658944 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets CLOSED [oracle@localhost wallets]$ orapki wallet create -pwd xifenfei123 -wallet /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets -auto_login Oracle PKI Tool : Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Copyright (c) 2004, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. [oracle@localhost wallets]$ ls -ltr total 16 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 3637 Jan 5 23:11 ewallet.p12 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 3715 Jan 5 23:20 cwallet.sso [oracle@localhost wallets]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jan 5 23:21:04 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5044088832 bytes Fixed Size 2261928 bytes Variable Size 1040190552 bytes Database Buffers 3992977408 bytes Redo Buffers 8658944 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN [oracle@localhost wallets]$ ls cwallet.sso ewallet.p12 [oracle@localhost wallets]$ rm cwallet.sso [oracle@localhost wallets]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jan 5 23:30:55 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 5044088832 bytes Fixed Size 2261928 bytes Variable Size 1040190552 bytes Database Buffers 3992977408 bytes Redo Buffers 8658944 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets CLOSED SQL> alter system set wallet open identified by "xifenfei123"; System altered. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN
通过测试我们发现当钱包中含cwallet.sso之时,wallet就会随库启动而open,当cwallet.sso被删除之后,wallet无法随库启动而open,由此可见,wallet是否随库启动而open取决于cwallet.sso文件.
修改wallet密码
[oracle@localhost wallets]$ orapki wallet change_pwd -wallet /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets > -oldpwd xifenfei123 -newpwd www.xifenfei.com Oracle PKI Tool : Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production Copyright (c) 2004, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. [oracle@localhost wallets]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jan 5 23:35:01 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> alter system set wallet close identified by "xifenfei123"; System altered. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets CLOSED SQL> alter system set wallet open identified by "xifenfei123"; alter system set wallet open identified by "xifenfei123" * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28353: failed to open wallet SQL> alter system set wallet open identified by "www.xifenfei.com"; System altered. SQL> select * from v$encryption_wallet; WRL_TYPE -------------------- WRL_PARAMETER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STATUS ------------------ file /home/u01/oracle/network/wallets OPEN SQL> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@localhost wallets]$ ls -ltr total 8 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall 3638 Jan 5 23:34 ewallet.p12
wallet文件丢失
[oracle@localhost wallets]$ mv ewallet.p12 ewallet.p12_bak [oracle@localhost wallets]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jan 5 23:36:55 2016 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> alter system set wallet close identified by "www.xifenfei.com"; System altered. SQL> alter system set wallet open identified by "www.xifenfei.com"; alter system set wallet open identified by "www.xifenfei.com" * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28367: wallet does not exist SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY IDENTIFIED BY "www.xifenfei.com"; ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY IDENTIFIED BY "www.xifenfei.com" * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28362: master key not found SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY IDENTIFIED BY "www.xifenfei"; ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY IDENTIFIED BY "www.xifenfei" * ERROR at line 1: ORA-28353: failed to open wallet
如果wallet文件丢失,没有办法open钱包,也就是说加密数据无法读取.备份ewallet.p12文件非常重要