1、Create a Physical Standby Database
11g data guard（PHYSICAL STANDBY）配置
2、Stop Redo Apply on the Physical Standby Database
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
3、Prepare the Primary Database to Support a Logical Standby Database
1）Prepare the Primary Database for Role Transitions

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/archive valid_for=(online_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=first'
*.log_archive_dest_3='LOCATION=/u01/archive/standby VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=first'
*.log_archive_dest_state_3='enable'
--其他不修改

2）Build a Dictionary in the Redo Data
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGSTDBY.BUILD;
4、Transition to a Logical Standby Database
1）Convert to a Logical Standby Database
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER TO LOGICAL STANDBY db_name;
Note：
(1)如果数据库是open状态，需要重启，然后置于mount状态
(2)取消使用：RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
(3)如果执行到一半，然后取消，导致原物理库损坏（不能同步），从主库中重新生成备库的control file，然后启动物理库同步
2）Adjust Initialization Parameters for the Logical Standby Database

SHUTDOWN;
STARTUP MOUNT;
alter system set log_archive_dest_3='LOCATION=/u01/archive/standby VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=second';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/archive valid_for=(online_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=second';
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_3='ENABLE';

5、Open the Logical Standby Database
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
–开启实时应用
ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY IMMEDIATE;
–开启应用
ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY;
–关闭应用
ALTER DATABASE STOP LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY;