ORACLE 12C中提出来CDB和PDB的概念,对于ORACLE的数据库来说,确实是一个新东西,他们可以分别理解为容器和插件(PDB插入在CDB中),CDB的管理和传统数据库区别不大,本篇文章对PDB的部分操作进行了简单说明(创建PDB,OPEN PDB,DROP PDB,Plug PDB,Unplugging PDB)
CREATE PDB

SQL> SELECT NAME,CDB FROM  V$DATABASE;
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
XIFENFEI  YES
SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;
    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654
SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE xff_db ADMIN USER xff IDENTIFIED BY xifenfei
  2  STORAGE (MAXSIZE 2G MAX_SHARED_TEMP_SIZE 100M)
  3  DEFAULT TABLESPACE xifenfei
  4  DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/xifenfei01.dbf' SIZE 25M AUTOEXTEND ON
  5  PATH_PREFIX = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/'
  6  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/pdbseed/',
  7  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xff/');
Pluggable database created.
SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;
    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654
         4 XFF_DB                         2272981748 NEW                1771028

OPEN PDB

SQL> alter pluggable database xff_db open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,STATUS,CREATION_SCN  from dba_pdbs;
    PDB_ID PDB_NAME                             DBID STATUS        CREATION_SCN
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- ------------
         2 PDB$SEED                       4044122081 NORMAL             1661281
         3 FF                             1565322182 NORMAL             1720654
         4 XFF_DB                         2272981748 NORMAL             1771028
SQL>  alter pluggable database all close immediate;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4044122081 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 1565322182 FF                             MOUNTED
         4 2272981748 XFF_DB                         MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4044122081 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 1565322182 FF                             READ WRITE
         4 2272981748 XFF_DB                         READ WRITE

Unplugging a PDB from a CDB

SQL> alter pluggable database FF close immediate;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> alter  pluggable database ff UNPLUG into '/tmp/ff.xml';
Pluggable database altered.

DROP PDB

SQL> DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE xff_db INCLUDING DATAFILES;
Pluggable database dropped.
SQL> DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE ff INCLUDING DATAFILES;
Pluggable database dropped.

Plug Unplugged PDB into CDB

SQL> SELECT NAME,CDB FROM  V$DATABASE;
NAME      CDB
--------- ---
XFF_L     YES
SQL> create pluggable database ff using '/tmp/ff.xml'
  2  copy file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/FF/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xff');
Pluggable database created.
SQL> exec DBMS_PDB.SYNC_PDB();
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4043918109 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 2346805300 LX1                            MOUNTED
         4 2385557792 LX2                            MOUNTED
         5 1565384817 FF                             MOUNTED
SQL> alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2 4043918109 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3 2346805300 LX1                            READ WRITE
         4 2385557792 LX2                            READ WRITE
         5 1565384817 FF                             READ WRITE
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX1/LX1_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/LX2/LX2_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffsystem01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffsysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffSAMPLE_SCHEMA_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xff_l/xffexample01.dbf
16 rows selected.

补充说明:本部分内容比较多,本篇blog,只是对其中的很小一部分进行了测试,确实证明可以对pdb实现在不同的cdb中实现迁移,对于该项操作,可以在dbca和gc中实现相同操作.由于12c数据库尚未正式发布,该部分功能只是出于个人测试目的.