数据库版本

SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

创建5M测试表空间

SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE T_1652 DATAFILE '/tmp/t_1652_01.dbf' size 5M
  2  AUTOEXTEND OFF LOGGING PERMANENT EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
  3  SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO blocksize 8192;
Tablespace created.

测试CTAS

SQL> create table CHF.T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE T_1652 as
  2  select LPAD('XIFENFEI',1024,'F') "C_XFF" from  dual connect by level <=3500;
create table CHF.T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE T_1652 as
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01652: unable to extend temp segment by 128 in tablespace T_1652
SQL> create table CHF.T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE T_1652 as
  2  select LPAD('XIFENFEI',1024,'F') "C_XFF" from  dual connect by level <=3000;
Table created.

测试CREATE INDEX

SQL> create index chf.i_xifenfei on chf.t_xifenfei(c_xff)
  2  tablespace t_1652;
create index chf.i_xifenfei on chf.t_xifenfei(c_xff)
                                   *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01658: unable to create INITIAL extent for segment in tablespace T_1652
SQL> Select MAX(d.bytes) total_bytes,
  2         nvl(SUM(f.Bytes), 0) free_bytes,
  3         d.file_name,
  4         MAX(d.bytes) - nvl(SUM(f.bytes), 0) used_bytes,
  5  from   DBA_FREE_SPACE f , DBA_DATA_FILES d
  6  where  f.tablespace_name(+) = d.tablespace_name
  7  and    f.file_id(+) = d.file_id
  8  and    d.tablespace_name = 'T_1652'
  9  group by d.file_name;
TOTAL_BYTES FREE_BYTES FILE_NAME                 USED_BYTES
----------- ---------- ------------------------- ----------
    5242880          0 /tmp/t_1652_01.dbf           5242880
SQL> drop table chf.t_xifenfei purge;
Table dropped.
SQL> create table CHF.T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE T_1652 as
  2  select LPAD('XIFENFEI',1024,'F') "C_XFF" from  dual connect by level <=2000;
Table created.
SQL> Select MAX(d.bytes) total_bytes,
  2         nvl(SUM(f.Bytes), 0) free_bytes,
  3         d.file_name,
  4         MAX(d.bytes) - nvl(SUM(f.bytes), 0) used_bytes,
  5  from   DBA_FREE_SPACE f , DBA_DATA_FILES d
  6  where  f.tablespace_name(+) = d.tablespace_name
  7  and    f.file_id(+) = d.file_id
  8  and    d.tablespace_name = 'T_1652'
  9  group by d.file_name;
TOTAL_BYTES FREE_BYTES FILE_NAME                 USED_BYTES
----------- ---------- ------------------------- ----------
    5242880    1048576 /tmp/t_1652_01.dbf           4194304
SQL> create index chf.i_xifenfei on chf.t_xifenfei(c_xff)
  2  tablespace t_1652;
create index chf.i_xifenfei on chf.t_xifenfei(c_xff)
                                   *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01652: unable to extend temp segment by 128 in tablespace T_1652
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/tmp/t_1652_01.dbf' RESIZE 10M;
Database altered.
SQL> create index chf.i_xifenfei on chf.t_xifenfei(c_xff)
  2  tablespace t_1652;
Index created.

测试MOVE

SQL> drop table chf.t_xifenfei purge;
Table dropped.
SQL> create table CHF.T_XIFENFEI TABLESPACE T_1652 as
  2  select LPAD('XIFENFEI',1024,'F') "C_XFF" from  dual connect by level <=3500;
Table created.
SQL> alter table chf.t_xifenfei move;
alter table chf.t_xifenfei move
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01652: unable to extend temp segment by 128 in tablespace T_1652
SQL> Select MAX(d.bytes) total_bytes,
  2         nvl(SUM(f.Bytes), 0) free_bytes,
  3         d.file_name,
  4         MAX(d.bytes) - nvl(SUM(f.bytes), 0) used_bytes,
  5  from   DBA_FREE_SPACE f , DBA_DATA_FILES d
  6  where  f.tablespace_name(+) = d.tablespace_name
  7  and    f.file_id(+) = d.file_id
  8  and    d.tablespace_name = 'T_1652'
  9  group by d.file_name;
TOTAL_BYTES FREE_BYTES FILE_NAME                 USED_BYTES
----------- ---------- ------------------------- ----------
   10485760    4194304 /tmp/t_1652_01.dbf           6291456
SQL>  ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '/tmp/t_1652_01.dbf' RESIZE 15M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter table chf.t_xifenfei move;
Table altered.

这里可以发现CTAS,CREATE INDEX,MOVE操作都有个共同点:需要一次性创建一个较大SEGMENT,但是这个SEGMENT的创建过程是在数据库中逐渐实现(非初始化指定大小)。
也就是说,ORACLE对这些对象的处理方法是：对于这样的segment先当作临时段处理,当处理完成后,再把这些在永久表空间中的临时段转换为永久段;所以当这些永久表空间中的临时段在扩展的时候,遇到该永久表空间不足,而该段目前还是临时段(在永久表空间中的临时段),就出现了ORA-01652提示一个永久表空间unable to extend temp segment

朋友在数据库软件从11.1.0.6升级到11.1.0.7后，发现数据库无法打开，不能继续下一步升级
数据库启动

SQL> startup upgrade
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

alert日志

Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
IMODE=BR
ILAT =182
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 11.1.0.7.0.
Using parameter settings in server-side spfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/dbs/spfilecenterdb.ora
System parameters with non-default values:
  processes                = 1500
  sessions                 = 1655
  memory_target            = 12864M
  control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/centerdb/control01.ctl"
  control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/centerdb/control02.ctl"
  control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/centerdb/control03.ctl"
  db_block_size            = 8192
  compatible               = "11.1.0.0.0"
  db_recovery_file_dest    = "/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area"
  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2G
  undo_tablespace          = "UNDOTBS1"
  remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
  db_domain                = ""
  dispatchers              = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=centerdbXDB)"
  audit_file_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/centerdb/adump"
  audit_trail              = "DB"
  db_name                  = "centerdb"
  open_cursors             = 300
  diagnostic_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle"
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=16324
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
VKTM started with pid=3, OS id=16326 at elevated priority
VKTM running at (20)ms precision
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DIAG started with pid=4, OS id=16330
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBRM started with pid=5, OS id=16332
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
PSP0 started with pid=6, OS id=16334
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DIA0 started with pid=7, OS id=16336
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
MMAN started with pid=8, OS id=16338
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW0 started with pid=9, OS id=16340
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW1 started with pid=10, OS id=16342
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW2 started with pid=11, OS id=16344
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW3 started with pid=12, OS id=16346
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW4 started with pid=13, OS id=16348
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
DBW5 started with pid=14, OS id=16350
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
LGWR started with pid=15, OS id=16352
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
CKPT started with pid=16, OS id=16354
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
SMON started with pid=17, OS id=16356
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
RECO started with pid=18, OS id=16358
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
MMON started with pid=19, OS id=16360
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
Thu Mar 29 15:47:06 2012
MMNL started with pid=20, OS id=16362
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/centerdb/centerdb/trace/centerdb_mman_16338.trc:
ORA-27103: internal error
Additional information: -1
Additional information: 1
MMAN (ospid: 16338): terminating the instance due to error 27103
Instance terminated by MMAN, pid = 16338

这里可以发现memory_target在12g以上

trace文件内容

[oracle@fcdb trace]$ more /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/centerdb/centerdb/trace/centerdb_mman_16338.trc
Trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/centerdb/centerdb/trace/centerdb_mman_16338.trc
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.7.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1
System name:    Linux
Node name:      fcdb
Release:        2.6.18-164.el5
Version:        #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: centerdb
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 0 <none>
Oracle process number: 8
Unix process pid: 16338, image: oracle@fcdb (MMAN)
*** 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
*** SESSION ID:(1648.1) 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
*** CLIENT ID:() 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
*** SERVICE NAME:() 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
*** MODULE NAME:() 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
*** ACTION NAME:() 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
error 27103 detected in background process
ORA-27103: internal error
Additional information: -1
Additional information: 1
*** 2012-03-29 15:47:06.865
MMAN (ospid: 16338): terminating the instance due to error 27103

结合alert和trace文件查询MOS，发现ORA-27103 when Memory target parameter is set to more than 3 GB [ID 743012.1]描述相符，是由于Bug:7272646引起.
鉴于朋友的数据库还升级过程中，所以给出的处理建议是先把memory_target改为2.8G，执行完升级操作，然后打上Patch:7272646
同时官方还给出了另一种解决方案:设置SHMMAX小于4G，个人不推荐；如果系统内存比较大，会出现多个内存段，影响系统性能

创建两张模拟表

SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    9.2.0.3.0       Production
TNS for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL> create table sys_xifenfei as
  2  select * from dba_tables;
Table created.
SQL> create table chf.chf_xifenfei as
  2  select * from dba_tables;
Table created.

启动数据库到mount状态查询表

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  353441008 bytes
Fixed Size                   451824 bytes
Variable Size             184549376 bytes
Database Buffers          167772160 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> desc dba_tables;
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object dba_tables does not exist
SQL> desc sys_xifenfei
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object sys_xifenfei does not exist
SQL> desc chf.chf_xifenfei
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object chf.chf_xifenfei does not exist

打开数据库查询

SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select count(*) from sys_xifenfei;
select count(*) from sys_xifenfei
                     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
SQL> select count(*) from chf.chf_xifenfei;
  COUNT(*)
----------
       868
SQL> select count(*) from dba_tables;
select count(*) from dba_tables
                     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

解决问题

SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
System altered.
SQL> select count(*) from dba_tables;
  COUNT(*)
----------
       869
SQL> select count(*) from sys_xifenfei;
  COUNT(*)
----------
       867

MOS解释
ORA-4043 On DBA_* Views If They Are Described In Mount Stage [ID 296235.1]

Available workarounds are:
1) Don't describe the dba_* views at mount stage.
OR
2) If you issue DESC of any DBA_*views at mount stage,
    then shutdown and restart the DB instance.
OR
3) Flush the shared pool.
SQL> Alter system flush shared_pool;
and then reissue the failing command.

在10g中open库后提示也为类此ORA-04043: object dba_tables does not exist