1.Oracle启动报错

-bash-2.05b$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.8.0 - Production on 星期三 2月 15 10:31:53 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1527846824 bytes
Fixed Size                   452520 bytes
Variable Size             385875968 bytes
Database Buffers         1140850688 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel

2.alert文件

Wed Feb 15 10:32:06 2012
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Wed Feb 15 10:32:10 2012
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 412256678
Wed Feb 15 10:32:10 2012
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode.
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
alter database open
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Started redo scan
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Completed redo scan
 0 redo blocks read, 0 data blocks need recovery
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Started recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 2, block 3, scn 2862.4075508322
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/redo01.log
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Completed redo application
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Ended recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 2, block 3, scn 2862.4075528323
 0 data blocks read, 0 data blocks written, 0 redo blocks read
Crash recovery completed successfully
Wed Feb 15 10:33:44 2012
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 3
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 3
  Current log# 3 seq# 3 mem# 0: /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/redo03.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
Wed Feb 15 10:33:45 2012
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Wed Feb 15 10:33:45 2012
Errors in file /data1z/oracle/admin/ahcx216/udump/ahcx216_ora_21325.trc:
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [kkdliac()+346] [SIGSEGV] [Address not mapped to object] [0x43] [] []

3.trace文件

/data1z/oracle/admin/ahcx216/udump/ahcx216_ora_21325.trc
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.8.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.8.0 - Production
ORACLE_HOME = /data1z/oracle/product/9.2
System name:	Linux
Node name:	aiserch1
Release:	2.4.21-27.ELsmp
Version:	#1 SMP Wed Dec 1 21:59:02 EST 2004
Machine:	i686
Instance name: ahcx216
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 12
Unix process pid: 21325, image: oracle@aiserch1 (TNS V1-V3)
*** SESSION ID:(11.13) 2012-02-15 10:33:44.739
Thread checkpoint rba:0x000002.00000002.0010 scn:0x0b2e.f2eb5261
Cache low rba is 0xffffffff.ffffffff.ffff
Use incremental checkpoint on-disk rba
Thread 1 recovery from rba:0x000002.00000003.0000 scn:0x0b2e.f2eb5262
----- Recovery Hash Table Statistics ---------
Hash table buckets = 32768
Longest hash chain = 0
Average hash chain = 0/0 = 0.0
Max compares per lookup = 0
Avg compares per lookup = 0/0 = 0.0
----------------------------------------------
*** 2012-02-15 10:33:44.766
KCRA: start recovery claims for 0 data blocks
*** 2012-02-15 10:33:44.766
KCRA: buffers claimed = 0/0, eliminated = 0
*** 2012-02-15 10:33:44.766
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 2 Reading mem 0
----- Recovery Hash Table Statistics ---------
Hash table buckets = 32768
Longest hash chain = 0
Average hash chain = 0/0 = 0.0
Max compares per lookup = 0
Avg compares per lookup = 0/0 = 0.0
----------------------------------------------
Exception signal: 11 (SIGSEGV), code: 1 (Address not mapped to object), addr: 0x43, PC: [0x8880c00, kkdliac()+346]
Registers:
%eax: 0xa0f6b170 %ebx: 0x00000003 %ecx: 0xa0f6b170
%edx: 0x00000001 %edi: 0x00000000 %esi: 0x00000000
%esp: 0xbfff1cb8 %ebp: 0xbfff1cd8 %eip: 0x08880c00
%efl: 0x00010286
  kkdliac()+329 (0x8880bef) jnz 0x8880f61
  kkdliac()+335 (0x8880bf5) mov %edx,%eax
  kkdliac()+337 (0x8880bf7) mov 0xc0(%eax),%edx
  kkdliac()+343 (0x8880bfd) mov %edx,0xffffffe0(%ebp)
> kkdliac()+346 (0x8880c00) movzw 0x40(%ebx),%esi
  kkdliac()+350 (0x8880c04)  mov %si,0xffffffd4(%ebp)
  kkdliac()+354 (0x8880c08) movb 0x42(%ebx),%al
  kkdliac()+357 (0x8880c0b) movb %al,0xffffffd6(%ebp)
  kkdliac()+360 (0x8880c0e) movzw 0x8(%ebx),%edx
*** 2012-02-15 10:33:45.029
ksedmp: internal or fatal error
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [kkdliac()+346] [SIGSEGV] [Address not mapped to object] [0x43] [] []
Current SQL statement for this session:
create table bootstrap$ ( line#         number not null,   obj#           number not null,
sql_text   varchar2(4000) not null)   storage (initial 50K objno 56 extents (file 1 block 377))
----- Call Stack Trace -----
calling              call     entry                argument values in hex
location             type     point                (? means dubious value)
-------------------- -------- -------------------- ----------------------------
ksedmp()+274         call     ksedst()             1 ? 0 ? 0 ? 1 ? 65252838 ?
                                                   2C297862 ?
ssexhd()+1113        call     ksedmp()             3 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ?
__pthread_sighandle  call     00000000             B ? B75CEC90 ? B75CED10 ? 0 ?
r_rt()+122                                         0 ? 0 ?
kkdliac()+346        signal   00000000             B ? B75CEC90 ? B75CED10 ?
ctcdrv()+1688        call     kkdlcob()            BFFF1DC8 ? 2 ? 0 ? 38 ? 0 ?
                                                   0 ? 0 ?
opiexe()+9647        call     ctcdrv()             B749CD78 ? BFFF3258 ?
                                                   BFFF33B0 ?
opiosq0()+1170       call     opiexe()             4 ? 0 ? BFFF379C ?
opiosq()+19          call     opiosq0()            3 ? F ? BFFF4418 ? 0 ?
opiodr()+1133        call     00000000             4A ? F ? BFFF4418 ?
__PGOSF163_rpidrus(  call     opiodr()             4A ? F ? BFFF4418 ? 2 ?
)+145
skgmstack()+137      call     00000000             BFFF3ED0 ? 2 ? BFFF428C ?
                                                   BFFF3EE8 ? BFFF3ED0 ?
                                                   BFFF3EE8 ?
rpidru()+98          call     skgmstack()          BFFF3EE8 ? AF61BC0 ? F618 ?
                                                   821F376 ? BFFF3ED0 ?
rpiswu2()+315        call     00000000             BFFF428C ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ?
                                                   BFFF3F64 ? F618 ?
rpidrv()+1087        call     rpiswu2()            9D7416FC ? 0 ? BFFF4394 ? 2 ?
                                                   BFFF43B4 ? 0 ?
rpisplu()+298        call     rpidrv()             2 ? 4A ? BFFF4418 ? 8 ?
                                                   9EA3F16C ? B749DE88 ?
rpispl()+28          call     rpisplu()            2 ? 0 ? 0 ? B749DE88 ? BC ?
                                                   0 ? 0 ?
kqlbebs()+781        call     rpispl()             2 ? 0 ? B749DE88 ? BC ? 0 ?
                                                   0 ?
kqlblfc()+106        call     kqlbebs()            0 ? BFFF5590 ?
adbdrv()+2220        call     kqlblfc()            0 ? BFFF5590 ? BFFF5590 ?
opiexe()+10319       call     adbdrv()             B74A022C ? AF5A904 ?
                                                   B74AD040 ? 1 ? 0 ? 1 ?
opiosq0()+1170       call     opiexe()             4 ? 0 ? BFFF6928 ?
kpooprx()+206        call     opiosq0()            3 ? E ? BFFF6A68 ? 24 ?
kpoal8()+599         call     kpooprx()            BFFF7604 ? BFFF7510 ? 13 ?
                                                   1 ? 0 ? 24 ?
opiodr()+1133        call     00000000             5E ? 14 ? BFFF7600 ?
ttcpip()+4250        call     00000000             5E ? 14 ? BFFF7600 ? 0 ?
opitsk()+1077        call     ttcpip()             AF5A900 ? 5E ? BFFF7600 ? 0 ?
                                                   BFFF87D8 ? BFFF87D4 ?
opiino()+1287        call     opitsk()             0 ? 0 ? AF5A900 ? CC349D8 ?
                                                   F1 ? 0 ?
opiodr()+1133        call     00000000             3C ? 4 ? BFFF9B9C ?
opidrv()+418         call     opiodr()             3C ? 4 ? BFFF9B9C ? 0 ?
sou2o()+30           call     opidrv()             3C ? 4 ? BFFF9B9C ?
main()+187           call     sou2o()              BFFF9B80 ? 3C ? 4 ?
                                                   BFFF9B9C ? 890710 ? 0 ?
__libc_start_main()  call     00000000             2 ? BFFF9C04 ? BFFF9C10 ?
+188                                               890518 ? 2 ? 82174E0 ?
--------------------- Binary Stack Dump ---------------------
从这里看出数据库是在open过程中，创建bootstrap$错误，这个错误对于现在的我来说，暂时没有办法去解决。
为了能够抢救出客户需要的其中一个用户下面的数据，我不得不采用odu来解决问题。

4.填写ontrol.txt文件

SQL> set pagesize 1000
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> col name for a50
SQL> select file#,ts#,rfile#,name from v$datafile;
     FILE#        TS#     RFILE# NAME
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------
         1          0          1 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/system01
         2          1          2 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/undotbs01
         3          3          3 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/CITY
         4          4          4 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/DATATS
         5          5          5 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/indx01
         6          6          6 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/tools01
         7          7          7 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/users
         8          4          8 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/datats02
         9          4          9 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/datats03
      ………………

5.登录odu

bash-2.05b$ ./odu
Oracle Data Unloader:Release 3.0.8
Copyright (c) 2008,2009 XiongJun. All rights reserved.
Web: http://www.laoxiong.net
Email: magic007cn@gmail.com
loading default config.......
byte_order little
block_size  8192
db_timezone -7
client_timezone 8
data_path   data
charset_name ZHS16GBK
ncharset_name AL16UTF16
output_format text
lob_storage infile
clob_byte_order little
load control file 'config.txt' successful
loading default control file ......
 ts#   fn  rfn bsize   blocks bf offset filename
---- ---- ---- ----- -------- -- ------ --------------------------------------------
   0    1    1  8192    32000 N       0 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/system01
   1    2    2  8192   524288 N       0 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/undotbs01
   3    3    3  8192   524288 N       0 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/CITY
   4    4    4  8192   524288 N       0 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/DATATS
   5    5    5  8192   524288 N       0 /data1z/oracle/oradata/ahcx216/indx01
………………
load control file 'control.txt' successful
loading dictionary data......

6.加载数据字典

ODU> unload dict
CLUSTER C_USER# file_no: 1 block_no: 89
TABLE OBJ$ file_no: 1 block_no: 121
CLUSTER C_OBJ# file_no: 1 block_no: 25
CLUSTER C_OBJ# file_no: 1 block_no: 25
found IND$'s obj# 19
found IND$'s dataobj#:2,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:25,tab#:3
found TABPART$'s obj# 230
found TABPART$'s dataobj#:230,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:1657,tab#:0
found INDPART$'s obj# 234
found INDPART$'s dataobj#:234,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:1689,tab#:0
found TABSUBPART$'s obj# 240
found TABSUBPART$'s dataobj#:240,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:1737,tab#:0
found INDSUBPART$'s obj# 245
found INDSUBPART$'s dataobj#:245,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:1777,tab#:0
found IND$'s obj# 19
found IND$'s dataobj#:2,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:25,tab#:3
found LOB$'s obj# 156
found LOB$'s dataobj#:2,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:25,tab#:6
found LOBFRAG$'s obj# 258
found LOBFRAG$'s dataobj#:258,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:1881,tab#:0

7.列出用户

ODU> list user
     USER#   USERNAME
----------   ------------------------------
       …………
        20   HS_ADMIN_ROLE
        25   MAS_ADMIN
        24   HF_CX
        21   WMSYS
        22   WM_ADMIN_ROLE
        23   CITY
        26   BB_ADMIN
        27   AQ_ADMIN
        28   WH_ADMIN
        29   LA_ADMIN
       …………

8.列出用户表

ODU> list table TL_ADMIN
      OBJ#   OBJECT_NAME
----------   ------------------------------
   2286779   WT_MX_201005
     32309   BD_DEALER_308
    126172   CDMA_FAVOUR_BAOYUE
     79675   DAISHENG_TMP
     52634   RYSJ_T_308
     25577   FEE_ID_T
    931167   A136_20080304
   1514084   WANGTONG_MOKUAI_2009
………………

10.导出用户下表

ODU> unload user TL_ADMIN
Unloading user TL_ADMIN's tables.
Unloading table: WT_MX_201005,object ID: 2286779
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=2286779 DataObj#=2286779 TS#=3 File#=31 Block#=8571 Cluster=0)
25205 rows unloaded
Unloading table: BD_DEALER_308,object ID: 32309
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=32309 DataObj#=32309 TS#=3 File#=31 Block#=17587 Cluster=0)
60 rows unloaded
Unloading table: CDMA_FAVOUR_BAOYUE,object ID: 126172
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=126172 DataObj#=126172 TS#=3 File#=3 Block#=30899 Cluster=0)
31 rows unloaded
Unloading table: DAISHENG_TMP,object ID: 79675
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=79675 DataObj#=342004 TS#=3 File#=31 Block#=19451 Cluster=0)
7504 rows unloaded
…………………………

11.查看导出来数据

-bash-2.05b$ ls -l
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           658  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           763  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           683  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba         45813  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.txt
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           748  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           686  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba        263046  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.txt
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           777  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           696  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.sql
……………………………………

12.创建表脚本

-bash-2.05b$ ls -l *.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           312  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_A136_20080304.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           683  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           686  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           696  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.sql
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           147  2月 15 08:44 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_OWE.sql
………………
复制这些文件列表，使用UltraEdit编辑文件（recover_create_tab.sql），生成如下脚本
@@TL_ADMIN_A136_20080304.sql
@@TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.sql
@@TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.sql
@@TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.sql
@@TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_OWE.sql
@@TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_PAY.sql
然后使用sqlplus登录数据库，直接执行recover_create_tab.sql，创建了所有需要的表

13.加载数据脚本

-bash-2.05b$ ls -l *.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           507  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_A136_20080304.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           658  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           763  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           748  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           777  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           344  2月 15 08:44 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_OWE.ctl
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           342  2月 15 08:43 TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_PAY.ctl
也同样使用UltraEdit出来，生成文件（recover_load_data.sh）
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_A136_20080304.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM_COPY.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_HM.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_ID.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_OWE.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_AMORTIZE_PAY.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_BD_DEALER_308.ctl
sqlldr TL_ADMIN/password  control= TL_ADMIN_BRXZ.ctl
然后在shell中执行recover_load_data.sh脚本导入数据，至此数据恢复完成

注意：recover_create_tab.sql和recover_load_data.sh需要在当前抽取出来数据的目录中。