obet 修复坏块 – Database SOS

客户由于误操作直接在虚拟化平台点击电源键,强制关闭了正在运行的数据库服务器虚机,导致数据库无法正常启动,检查发现ntfs文件系统损坏

通过obet工具检测数据文件坏块(obet dbv功能完整说明),发现核心的system文件上面有一些坏块

File #1: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF (225281 blocks) - Started: 2026-08-21 16:40:23
File #1: rfile=1 (0x00000001)  header_block_num=225280 (0x00037000)  filesize_status:OK
file 1, block 212238: tailchk error (expected 0x0106276F, got 0x01065E92), bad block
file 1, block 213507: tailchk error (expected 0x0106276F, got 0x01065E92), bad block
file 1, block 213515: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106276F), bad block
file 1, block 213547: tailchk error (expected 0x0106276F, got 0x01065E92), bad block
file 1, block 213555: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106276F), bad block
file 1, block 221387: tailchk error (expected 0x0106276F, got 0x01065E92), bad block
file 1, block 221403: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106B19C), bad block
file 1, block 221419: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106C7E3), bad block
file 1, block 222117: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106276F), bad block
file 1, block 222133: tailchk error (expected 0x0106276F, got 0x01065E92), bad block
file 1, block 222141: tailchk error (expected 0x01065E92, got 0x0106276F), bad block
file 1, block 222173: tailchk error (expected 0x0106C7E3, got 0x01065E92), bad block
  File #1 completed: 0 all zero, 0 soft corrupted, 12 tailchk error, 0 checksum error, 0 rdba error

这个12个坏块的数量和dbv检测结果一致


DBVERIFY: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 星期五 8月 21 17:37:02 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF
页 212238 流入 - 很可能是介质损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00433d0e (file 1, block 212238)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00433d0e
 last change scn: 0x0000.0002.d71a6f27 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x925e0601
 check value in block header: 0x93bb
 computed block checksum: 0xfd79

…………

页 222173 流入 - 很可能是介质损坏
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x004363dd (file 1, block 222173)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x004363dd
 last change scn: 0x0000.0002.d708e3c7 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x925e0601
 check value in block header: 0xe089
 computed block checksum: 0x7199


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 225280
处理的页总数 (数据): 125451
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 29984
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 48214
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 21619
标记为损坏的总页数: 12
流入的页总数: 12
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 12199365950 (2.3609431358)

使用obet的reair block功能进行修复(obet repair block使用说明)

OBET> set file 1
filename set to: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF (file#1)

OBET> set block 212238
block set to: 212238

OBET> d

File: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block: 212238                Offsets:     0 to    31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
67A1C000 06A20000 0E3D4300 276F1AD7 02000106 BB930000 02000000 D0020000 E46E1AD7

<32 bytes read>

OBET> tailchk
Check tailchk for File D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF, Block 212238:
current = 0x925E0601, required = 0x6F270601

OBET> backup
Backing up file #1, block 212238
Successfully backed up block 212238 from D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF 
   to backup_blk\SYSTEM01.DBF.212238_20260821173825.blk

OBET> set mode edit
mode set to: edit

OBET> repair
Usage: repair [subcommand]
  repair block [file N] [X]  - Repair tailchk/checksum (optional: file N, block X)
  repair blkscn [file N] [X] - Repair block SCN (optional: file N, block X)

OBET> repair block
Warning: Missing value for 'block', using global setting: 212238

Repairing block 212238 in file D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF...

Repair analysis for block 212238:
1. seq_kcbh check: 0x01 -> OK
2. Tailchk check: 0x925E0601 -> needs repair (0x6F270601)
3. Checksum check: 0xBB93 -> OK

Confirm repair operations:
File: D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block: 212238
Operations needed: fix tailchk
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y

Verification after repair:
1. seq_kcbh: 0x01 OK
2. Tailchk: 0x6F270601 OK
3. Checksum: 0xBB93 OK

Block 212238 repair completed successfully.

所有坏块依次进行修复,然后再次使用dbv检测


DBVERIFY: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on 星期五 8月 21 17:42:02 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.


DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block Checking: DBA = 4407811, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
**** actual rows locked by itl 2  = 0 != # in trans. header = 1
**** actual rows locked by itl 3  = 0 != # in trans. header = 1
---- end index block validation
页 213507 失败, 校验代码为 6401
Block Checking: DBA = 4407819, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
**** row 120: key out of order
**** actual rows locked by itl 2  = 0 != # in trans. header = 1
**** actual rows marked deleted = 1 != kdxlende = 0
---- end index block validation
页 213515 失败, 校验代码为 6401

DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 225280
处理的页总数 (数据): 125451
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 29996
失败的页总数 (索引): 2
处理的页总数 (其他): 48214
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 21619
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 12199365950 (2.3609431358)

有两个block有少量逻辑错误,可以通过数据库级别设置进行跳过,基本上实现了这个12个坏块的自动修复.后续就是数据库的打开过程

SQL> startup mount pfile='d:/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 1.2885E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                 16120656 bytes
Variable Size            7751073792 bytes
Database Buffers         5100273664 bytes
Redo Buffers               17432576 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00742: 日志读取在线程 1 序列 19828 块 11511 中检测到写入丢失情况
ORA-00312: 联机日志 2 线程 1: 'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\REDO02.LOG'

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL TIME '2026-08-21:13:28:56' USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE;
ORA-00279: change 12198905983 generated at 08/21/2026 12:43:18 needed for
thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\19.0.0\DBHOME_1\RDBMS\ARC0000019827_1199133733.0001
ORA-00280: change 12198905983 for thread 1 is in sequence #19827


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\REDO01.LOG
ORA-00279: change 12199301614 generated at 08/21/2026 13:27:06 needed for
thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\19.0.0\DBHOME_1\RDBMS\ARC0000019828_1199133733.0001
ORA-00280: change 12199301614 for thread 1 is in sequence #19828
ORA-00278: log file 'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\REDO01.LOG' no longer
needed for this recovery


Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\REDO02.LOG
ORA-00756: 鎭㈠鎿嶄綔妫€娴嬪埌鏁版嵁鍧楀啓鍏ヤ涪澶?ORA-10567:
Redo is inconsistent with data block (file# 4, block# 31663, file offset is 259383296 bytes)
ORA-10564: tablespace UNDOTBS1
ORA-01110: 鏁版嵁鏂囦欢 4: 'D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\NHIS\UNDOTBS01.DBF'
ORA-10560: block type 'KTU UNDO BLOCK'

ORA-01112: media recovery not started

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

使用expdp导出数据,完成本次恢复任务

联系：手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题：obet修复csc higher than block scn类型坏块

最近有客户数据库报ORA-01092 ORA-01578错误导致数据库无法open

SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 2123)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '+DATADG/orcl/datafile/system.270.1015415183'
Process ID: 239325
Session ID: 1599 Serial number: 7

通过dbv检查确认是csc higher than block scn故障

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Feb 7 03:47:12 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = +DATADG/orcl/datafile/SYSTEM.270.1015415183

DBV-00200: Block, DBA 4306619, already marked corrupt
csc(0x0006.d75a14f4) higher than block scn(0x0000.00000000)
Page 2123 failed with check code 6054


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 738560
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 424109
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 1
Total Pages Processed (Index): 287403
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 1
Total Pages Processed (Other): 3408
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 1
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 23640
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 3613010282 (6.3613010282)

对于这样的故障,最近把他整合到了obet工具中,执行命令为repair blkscn [block x]进行修复

C:\Users\XFF>dbv file=H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期日 2月 8 11:07:51 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF
csc(0x0012.a0d783c4) higher than block scn(0x0000.00000000)
页 241 失败, 校验代码为 6054

DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 325120
处理的页总数 (数据): 99921
失败的页总数 (数据): 1
处理的页总数 (索引): 34013
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 174241
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 16945
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 2698836688 (18.2698836688)

使用obet修复csc higher than block scn 故障

OBET> set filename H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF
filename set to: H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF

OBET> set block 241
block set to: 241

OBET> set mode edit
mode set to: edit

OBET> repair blkscn

Repairing SCN for block 241...

Current block SCN information:
  scn_base: 0x00000000 (0)
  scn_wrap: 0x0000 (0)

Block 1 reference information:
  hdr_base: 0xA0DCE449 (2698830921)
  hdr_wrap: 0x0012 (18)

Current block CSC information:
  csc_base: 0xA0D783C4 (2698478532)
  csc_wrap: 0x0012 (18)

Calculated values:
  blkcsc: 80007889860 (0x00000012A0D783C4)
  blkscn: 0 (0x0000000000000000)

blkscn < blkcsc, SCN repair required.

New SCN values to write:
  new_scn_base: 0xA0DCE448 (2698830920)
  new_scn_wrap: 0x0012 (18)

Confirm SCN repair operations:
File: H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block: 241
Operations:
  1. Write new scn_base (0xA0DCE448)
  2. Write new scn_wrap (0x0012)

Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y

[Undo information saved - use 'undo' command to restore original values]

Verification after SCN repair:
1. scn_base: 48E4DCA0 (expected: 48E4DCA0)
2. scn_wrap: 1200 (expected: 1200)
3. seq_kcbh: 0x01 OK

Block 241 SCN repair completed successfully.
Execute tailchk apply and sum apply for this block.

OBET> tailchk apply

Confirm applying tailchk:
File: H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block: 241
Offset in block: 8188 (file offset: 0x001E3FFC)
Original value: 0x01060000
New value:      0x010648E4
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Stored tailchk matches calculated value (0x010648E4).
Tailchk applied successfully.

OBET> sum apply

Confirm applying checksum:
File: H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF
Block: 241
Offset in block: 16 (file offset: 0x001E2010)
Original value: 0xAD0F
New value:      0x63AF
Confirm? (Y/YES to proceed): y
Verification successful: Stored checksum matches calculated value (0x63AF).
Checksum applied successfully.

dbv验证该错误已经修复

C:\Users\XFF>dbv file=H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期日 2月 8 11:11:12 2026

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - 开始验证: FILE = H:\TEMP\SYSTEM01.DBF


DBVERIFY - 验证完成

检查的页总数: 325120
处理的页总数 (数据): 99921
失败的页总数 (数据): 0
处理的页总数 (索引): 34013
失败的页总数 (索引): 0
处理的页总数 (其他): 174241
处理的总页数 (段)  : 1
失败的总页数 (段)  : 0
空的页总数: 16945
标记为损坏的总页数: 0
流入的页总数: 0
加密的总页数        : 0
最高块 SCN            : 2698836688 (18.2698836688)

obet工具下载地址:obet下载
obet工具使用说明:obet使用说明

分类目录归档：obet 修复坏块