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有客户把虚拟化环境中装有oracle数据库的linux操作系统,由于操作失误在/下面执行了rm -rf *，导致所有文件被删除,系统无法启动.客户希望要求恢复出其中的Oracle数据库.由于是虚拟化环境,然后客户直接从虚拟化平台下载下来磁盘文件,通过工具加载和分析确认是一个xfs的文件系统
使用工具进一步扫描分析,找到部分数据文件
这里可以获取到两个信息:
1. 尝试恢复oracle的control01.ctl文件,然后通过该文件尝试分析其他数据文件位置,运气不错该文件恢复出来是好的,直接加载到新库查询v$datafile,分析出来所有数据文件信息
2. 这里有一个非常不幸的信息,oracle最核心的system01.dbf文件大小明显异常,进一步分析该文件信息,结论是该文件无法通过反删除方式进行恢复
先把可以os层面可以恢复的数据恢复出来,并且检查坏块情况
对于异常的system文件,有两个处理方法:
1. 通过阅览被删除的文件，发现客户有5月14日1点左右的rman备份,通过恢复软件中完整度提示,大概率应该没有什么问题,但是分析发现部分归档日志损坏无法完整恢复
2. 通过对磁盘做碎片,恢复出来该数据文件,参考以往文章:
dbca删除库和rm删库恢复
Oracle 数据文件大小为0kb或者文件丢失恢复
通过这个方法运气不错,恢复出来该库的system01.dbf文件非常完整0丢失
[oracle@localhost oradata]$ dbv file=system01.dbf DBVERIFY: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Thu May 15 23:26:57 2024 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/oradata/system01.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 199680 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 113988 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 26869 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 40253 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 1 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 18570 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Total Pages Encrypted : 0 Highest block SCN : 658228557 (0.658228557)
完成上述恢复工作之后,目前确认只有sysaux01.dbf有8026个block损坏,但是该表空间不涉及业务数据,尝试在新的系统中直接修改路径并open库
SQL> recover database; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-38760: This database instance failed to turn on flashback database SQL> alter database flashback off; Database altered. SQL> recover database; Media recovery complete. SQL> alter database open; Database altered.
运气不错,数据库直接open成功,现在处理sysaux01.dbf中的损坏文件:
1. 确认该文件具体坏块开始位置:
2. 由于坏块在文件中比较靠后,分析实际存储数据最后的位置
SQL> select max(block_id+blocks) from dba_extents where file_id=3;
MAX(BLOCK_ID+BLOCKS)
--------------------
3493120
最后存储数据的位置小于坏块的位置,证明坏块部分是没有存储数据的,直接resize掉坏块部分
SQL> alter database datafile '/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf' resize 27290m; Database altered.
然后dbv该数据文件,确认没有任何问题
[oracle@localhost trace]$ dbv file=/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf DBVERIFY: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed May 15 22:43:00 2024 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 3493120 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1516833 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 1868832 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Lob) : 56577 Total Pages Failing (Lob) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 32107 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 18771 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Total Pages Encrypted : 0 Highest block SCN : 658223915 (0.658223915)
使用rman检测全库,也确定没有任何问题
[oracle@localhost trace]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed May 15 22:43:58 2024 Version 19.15.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: XIFENFEI (DBID=2912535091) RMAN> RMAN> RMAN> backup validate check logical database skip inaccessible; Starting backup at 15-MAY-24 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=43 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=278 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set ……………… File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 32 OK 0 6273 6400 370625094 File Name: /u01/oradata/xff_com.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 0 Index 0 0 Other 0 127 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 33 OK 0 163752 832000 627920639 File Name: /u01/oradata/XFF_DATA_202312231.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 374296 Index 0 285002 Other 0 8950 Finished backup at 15-MAY-24 [oracle@localhost trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed May 15 22:47:44 2024 Version 19.15.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2022, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.15.0.0.0 SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption ; no rows selected SQL>
至此对于这次rm -rf /*的故障实现了Oracle数据库完美恢复,数据0丢失.