数据库打开遭遇ORA-08103故障处理

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标题:数据库打开遭遇ORA-08103故障处理

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

数据库启动报ORA-08103
朋友反馈,客户的一套sap历史数据系统,无备份,由于硬件故障导致,数据库启动报ORA-08103: object no longer exists错误,无法正常启动

SMON: enabling tx recovery
Mon Oct 12 09:51:56 2020
Database Characterset is UTF8
Opening with internal Resource Manager plan
where NUMA PG = 1, CPUs = 32
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=36, OS id=14942376
Mon Oct 12 09:51:58 2020
Errors in file /oracle/XFF/saptrace/usertrace/xff_ora_15204508.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Mon Oct 12 09:51:58 2020
ORA-604 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
Mon Oct 12 09:51:58 2020
Errors in file /oracle/XFF/saptrace/background/xff_smon_8978452.trc:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Mon Oct 12 09:52:50 2020
Errors in file /oracle/XFF/saptrace/background/xff_reco_8781998.trc:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Mon Oct 12 09:52:50 2020
RECO: terminating instance due to error 8103
Instance terminated by RECO, pid = 8781998

dbv检查system文件
20201016220751


由于客户这个库遭遇过硬件,不少文件中都有一些空块(zero block)
10046分析错误信息

PARSING IN CURSOR #14 len=210 dep=2 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=191031051961382 hv=864012087 ad='cabb8a10'
select /*+ rule */ bucket_cnt, row_cnt, cache_cnt, null_cnt, timestamp#, sample_size, minimum, maximum, 
distcnt, lowval, hival, density, col#, spare1, spare2, avgcln from hist_head$ where obj#=:1 and intcol#=:2
END OF STMT
PARSE #14:c=0,e=21,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,tim=191031051961380
BINDS #14:
kkscoacd
 Bind#0
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=110919308  bln=22  avl=02  flg=05
  value=96
 Bind#1
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=1109192d8  bln=24  avl=02  flg=05
  value=1
EXEC #14:c=0,e=128,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,tim=191031051961618
FETCH #14:c=0,e=40,p=1,cr=1,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,tim=191031051961676
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
ORA-08103: object no longer exists

比较明显是由于hist_head$异常导致,而且报ORA-08103错误和dbv检查system文件有一些空块错误匹配。这个错误比较简单,有几种处理方法:
1. 直接把空块标记为坏块,然后启动库
2. 在数据库启动过程跳过该sql,启动数据库,然后对这个表进行处理
该库进行恢复之后,正常打开数据库
20201016221301


由于其他文件还有不少空块,在数据库进行导出的时候,还有部分表报ORA-08103和ORA-01555[含lob对象表导出]错误,对其进行特殊导出处理,实现该sap系统业务数据的整体恢复.

系统故障oracle数据库恢复

联系:手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)QQ咨询惜分飞

标题:系统故障oracle数据库恢复

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

由于系统故障,导致操作系统进入,客户通过其他方式进入系统拷贝出来数据文件,redo,ctl等文件,安装版本相同的数据库,修改相关路径,启动数据库,但是启动报错,让我们给予技术支持.数据库open报ORA-600 2662错误

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731576], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731575], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [2], [2313731573], [2],
[2313735660], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 22446
Session ID: 577 Serial number: 1

alert日志报错

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_22446.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[2],[2313731573],[2],[2313735660],[12583040],[],[],[],[],[],[]
Errors in file /home/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_ora_22446.trc:
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments:[2662],[2],[2313731573],[2],[2313735660],[12583040],[],[],[],[],[],[]
Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER (ospid: 22446): terminating the instance due to error 600

这个错误比较常见,特别是使用了_allow_resetlogs_corruption屏蔽一致性强制拉库的时候.解决该问题比较简单,修改数据库scn,然后open数据库成功,参考部分案例_allow_resetlogs_corruption

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Jun 20 08:31:55 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup mount pfile='/tmp/pfile';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2235208 bytes
Variable Size            2902459576 bytes
Database Buffers         1325400064 bytes
Redo Buffers               45686784 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

尝试导出数据

[oracle@localhost ~]$ tail -f nohup.out 
. exporting foreign function library names for user XIFENFEI 
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user XIFENFEI 
About to export LIOVBJ2017's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export LIOVBJ2017's tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table                           ABCD
                                                            1 rows exported
. . exporting table               TB_D_RECORD
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table                      TB_DRIVER
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table               TB_XFF
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table              TB_XFF_TM_REL
EXP-00008: ORACLE error 1578 encountered
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 1, block # 290344)
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'
. . exporting table                    TB_LOCATION

由于file # 1, block # 290344坏块导致数据无法导出,通过dbv检查数据文件

[oracle@localhost trace]$ dbv file=/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Jun 20 08:43:49 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
Page 290344 is influx - most likely media corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00446e28 (file 1, block 290344)
Fractured block found during dbv: 
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00446e28
 last change scn: 0x0002.89e2b718 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x61980601
 check value in block header: 0xe118
 computed block checksum: 0xd680



DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined         : 298240
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 257035
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 13457
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 3598
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 1
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 24149
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 1
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 3221247831 (2.3221247831)

确认只有一个坏块,尝试通过bbed进行坏块修复

BBED> set blocksize 8192
        BLOCKSIZE       8192

BBED> set block 290344
        BLOCK#          290344

BBED> map
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344                                Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Index Leaf)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      

 struct kdxle, 32 bytes                     @92      

 sb2 kd_off[231]                            @124     

 ub1 freespace[3026]                        @586     

 ub1 rowdata[4508]                          @3612    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 290344

Block 290344 is corrupt
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00446e28 (file 0, block 290344)
Fractured block found during verification
Data in bad block:
 type: 6 format: 2 rdba: 0x00446e28
 last change scn: 0x0002.89e2b718 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x06
 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
 consistency value in tail: 0x61980601
 check value in block header: 0xe118
 computed block checksum: 0xd680


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Blocks Influx           : 2
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED


BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED> p kcbh
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                       @0       
   ub1 type_kcbh                            @0        0x06
   ub1 frmt_kcbh                            @1        0xa2
   ub1 spare1_kcbh                          @2        0x00
   ub1 spare2_kcbh                          @3        0x00
   ub4 rdba_kcbh                            @4        0x00446e28
   ub4 bas_kcbh                             @8        0x89e2b718
   ub2 wrp_kcbh                             @12       0x0002
   ub1 seq_kcbh                             @14       0x01
   ub1 flg_kcbh                             @15       0x06 (KCBHFDLC, KCBHFCKV)
   ub2 chkval_kcbh                          @16       0xe118
   ub2 spare3_kcbh                          @18       0x0000

BBED> p tailchk
ub4 tailchk                                 @8188     0x61980601

BBED> d /v
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344  Offsets: 8188 to 8191  Dba:0x00000000
-------------------------------------------------------
 01069861                            l ...a

 <16 bytes per line>

BBED> m /x 010618b7
 File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 290344           Offsets: 8188 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 010618b7 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 290344:
current = 0xe118, required = 0xe118

BBED> verify 
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 290344


DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

继续尝试导出数据,遭遇ORA-08103,参考相关文章:
模拟普通ORA-08103并解决
模拟极端ORA-08103并解决
数据库启动ORA-08103故障恢复

EXP-00056: ORACLE error 8103 encountered
ORA-08103: object no longer exists

通过对其进行处理,恢复该记录之外的所有记录,客户创建新库导入数据,数据库恢复基本完成

bootstrap$核心index(I_OBJ1,I_USER1,I_FILE#_BLOCK#,I_IND1,I_TS#,I_CDEF1等)异常恢复—ORA-00701错误解决

联系:手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题:bootstrap$核心index(I_OBJ1,I_USER1,I_FILE#_BLOCK#,I_IND1,I_TS#,I_CDEF1等)异常恢复—ORA-00701错误解决

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

在Oracle使用的过程中,经常遭遇一些核心index出现异常,导致数据库无法正常使用,特别是在数据库open的情况下,因为出现这些bootstrap$中的部分index是无法通过设置event38003进行重建,从而导致数据库无法正常使用,最常见异常index 有:I_ICOL1, I_TS1, I_CDEF1, I_CDEF2, I_CDEF3, I_CDEF4, I_PROXY_DATA$, I_IND1, I_TS#, I_UNDO1, I_UNDO2, I_COBJ#, I_USER1, I_USER2, I_CON1, I_CON2, I_FILE1, I_FILE2, I_FILE#_BLOCK#, I_USER#, I_OBJ#, I_PROXY_ROLE_DATA$_1, I_PROXY_ROLE_DATA$_2, I_CCOL1, I_CCOL2, I_TAB1, I_COL1, I_COL2, I_COL3, I_OBJ1, I_OBJ2, I_OBJ3, I_OBJ4, I_OBJ5
重建的index异常报错有:ORA-00701,ORA-01410,ORA-08102,ORA-08103,ORA-01578,ORA-01499,ORA-00600等各类错误
因为处理细节复杂,无法一一描述出来.这里假设Oracle数据库一个非常核心的表OBJ$中的I_OBJ1异常,现在准备重建它,大概步骤如下:
1. 假设异常index信息(I_OBJ1)

SQL> alter index sys.i_obj1 rebuild;
alter index sys.i_obj1 rebuild
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00701: object necessary for warmstarting database cannot be altered
SQL> SELECT SQL_TEXT FROM BOOTSTRAP$ WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE '%obj%';
SQL_TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX I_OBJ1 ON OBJ$(OBJ#,OWNER#,TYPE#) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXT
RANS 255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 64K NEXT 1024K MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PC
TINCREASE 0 OBJNO 36 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 336))

2. 创建获取异常index所属表

SQL>  select table_name from dba_indexes where owner='SYS' AND INDEX_NAME='I_OBJ1';
TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OBJ$

3. 获取obj$ ddl 语句

SQL> set long 10000
SQL> set pages 1000
SQL>  SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','OBJ$','SYS') FROM DUAL;
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','OBJ$','SYS')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CREATE TABLE "SYS"."OBJ$"
   (    "OBJ#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "DATAOBJ#" NUMBER,
        "OWNER#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "NAME" VARCHAR2(128) NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "SUBNAME" VARCHAR2(128),
        "TYPE#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "CTIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "MTIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "STIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "STATUS" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "REMOTEOWNER" VARCHAR2(128),
        "LINKNAME" VARCHAR2(128),
        "FLAGS" NUMBER,
        "OID$" RAW(16),
        "SPARE1" NUMBER,
        "SPARE2" NUMBER,
        "SPARE3" NUMBER,
        "SPARE4" VARCHAR2(1000),
        "SPARE5" VARCHAR2(1000),
        "SPARE6" DATE,
        "SIGNATURE" RAW(16),
        "SPARE7" NUMBER,
        "SPARE8" NUMBER,
        "SPARE9" NUMBER
   ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 16384 NEXT 106496 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"

4. 获取obj$相关index 语句

SQL>  SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('INDEX',INDEX_NAME,'SYS') FROM dba_indexes where owner='SYS' AND TABLE_NAME='OBJ$';
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('INDEX',INDEX_NAME,'SYS')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ5" ON "SYS"."OBJ$" ("SPARE3", "NAME", "NAMESPA
CE", "TYPE#", "OWNER#", "REMOTEOWNER", "LINKNAME", "SUBNAME", "OBJ#")
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
  CREATE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ4" ON "SYS"."OBJ$" ("DATAOBJ#", "TYPE#", "OWNER#")
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
  CREATE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ3" ON "SYS"."OBJ$" ("OID$")
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ2" ON "SYS"."OBJ$" ("OWNER#", "NAME", "NAMESPA
CE", "REMOTEOWNER", "LINKNAME", "SUBNAME", "TYPE#", "SPARE3", "OBJ#")
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  STORAGE(INITIAL 16384 NEXT 106496 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
  CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ1" ON "SYS"."OBJ$" ("OBJ#", "OWNER#", "TYPE#")
  PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"

5. 创建obj$img表和相关index

SQL>   CREATE TABLE "SYS"."OBJ$IMG"
  2     (    "OBJ#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  3          "DATAOBJ#" NUMBER,
  4          "OWNER#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  5          "NAME" VARCHAR2(128) NOT NULL ENABLE,
  6          "NAMESPACE" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  7          "SUBNAME" VARCHAR2(128),
  8          "TYPE#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  9          "CTIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
 10          "MTIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
 11          "STIME" DATE NOT NULL ENABLE,
 12          "STATUS" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
 13          "REMOTEOWNER" VARCHAR2(128),
 14          "LINKNAME" VARCHAR2(128),
 15          "FLAGS" NUMBER,
 16          "OID$" RAW(16),
 17          "SPARE1" NUMBER,
 18          "SPARE2" NUMBER,
 19          "SPARE3" NUMBER,
 20          "SPARE4" VARCHAR2(1000),
 21          "SPARE5" VARCHAR2(1000),
 22          "SPARE6" DATE,
 23          "SIGNATURE" RAW(16),
 24          "SPARE7" NUMBER,
 25          "SPARE8" NUMBER,
 26          "SPARE9" NUMBER
 27     ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
 28   NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
 29    STORAGE(INITIAL 16384 NEXT 106496 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
 30    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
 31    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
 32    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
 33  ;
Table created.
SQL>
SQL>   CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ_5IMG" ON "SYS"."OBJ$IMG" ("SPARE3", "NAME", "NAMESPACE", "TYPE#", "OWNER#", "REMOTEOWNER", "LINKNAME", "SUBNAME", "OBJ#")
  2    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  3    STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  4    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  5    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  6    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM";
Index created.
SQL>   CREATE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ4IMG" ON "SYS"."OBJ$IMG" ("DATAOBJ#", "TYPE#", "OWNER#")
  2    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  3    STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  4    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  5    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  6    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM";
Index created.
SQL>   CREATE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ3IMG" ON "SYS"."OBJ$IMG" ("OID$")
  2    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  3    STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  4    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  5    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  6    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM";
Index created.
SQL>   CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ2IMG" ON "SYS"."OBJ$IMG" ("OWNER#", "NAME", "NAMESPACE", "REMOTEOWNER", "LINKNAME", "SUBNAME", "TYPE#", "SPARE3", "OBJ#")
  2    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  3    STORAGE(INITIAL 16384 NEXT 106496 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  4    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  5    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  6    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM";
Index created.
SQL>   CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "SYS"."I_OBJ1IMG" ON "SYS"."OBJ$IMG" ("OBJ#", "OWNER#", "TYPE#")
  2    PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS
  3    STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  4    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  5    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  6    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
  7  ;
Index created.

6. 获取bootstrap$语句

SQL> SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','BOOTSTRAP$','SYS') FROM DUAL;
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE','BOOTSTRAP$','SYS')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  CREATE TABLE "SYS"."BOOTSTRAP$"
   (    "LINE#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "OBJ#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
        "SQL_TEXT" VARCHAR2(4000) NOT NULL ENABLE
   ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 57344 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"

7. 创建bootstrap$img表

SQL>   CREATE TABLE "SYS"."BOOTSTRAP$IMG"
  2     (    "LINE#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  3          "OBJ#" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE,
  4          "SQL_TEXT" VARCHAR2(4000) NOT NULL ENABLE
  5     ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255
  6   NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  7    STORAGE(INITIAL 57344 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  8    PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1
  9    BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT CELL_FLASH_CACHE DEFAULT)
 10    TABLESPACE "SYSTEM"
 11  /
Table created.

8.插入数据

insert into obj$img select * from obj$;
insert into bootstrap$img select * from bootstrap$;
commit;

9. 删除bootstrap$img对象名

delete from bootstrap$img where obj# in
 (select obj# from obj$
  where name in ('OBJ$',  'I_OBJ1',  'I_OBJ2', 'I_OBJ3', 'I_OBJ4', 'I_OBJ5',
                 'BOOTSTRAP$'));
commit;

10. 插入新创建对象

insert into bootstrap$img select * from bootstrap$tmpstr;
commit;

11. 关闭数据库

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

12. bbed修改相关block值

[oracle@oel6 ~]$ bbed
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Aug 7 04:54:50 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> set filename '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf
BBED> set blocksize 8192
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
BBED> set block 1
        BLOCK#          1
BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit
BBED> set count 32
        COUNT           32
BBED> m /x e81d
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                Offsets:   196 to  227           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 e81d4000 12000000 00000000 41bad632 15bad632 01000000 00000000 00000000
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> m /x 5200 offset +2
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                Offsets:   198 to  229           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 52001200 00000000 000041ba d63215ba d6320100 00000000 00000000 00000000
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> d offset 96
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf (0)
 Block: 1                Offsets:   196 to  227           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 e81d5200 12000000 00000000 41bad632 15bad632 01000000 00000000 00000000
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 0, Block 1:
current = 0x5fbf, required = 0x5fbf
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/app/oracle/oradata/XIFENFEI/system01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
BBED> exit

13. 启动数据库

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  663945216 bytes
Fixed Size                  2291808 bytes
Variable Size             369100704 bytes
Database Buffers          289406976 bytes
Redo Buffers                3145728 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

14. 验证I_OBJ1 index重建情况

SQL> SELECT OBJECT_ID,DATA_OBJECT_ID,CREATED FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_NAME='I_OBJ1';
 OBJECT_ID DATA_OBJECT_ID CREATED
---------- -------------- ---------
     77120          77120 06-AUG-14
SQL> !date
Thu Aug  6 05:29:25 CST 2014
SQL> SELECT HEADER_FILE,HEADER_BLOCK FROM DBA_SEGMENTS WHERE SEGMENT_NAME='I_OBJ1';
HEADER_FILE HEADER_BLOCK
----------- ------------
          1        77296
SQL> SELECT SQL_TEXT FROM BOOTSTRAP$ WHERE SQL_TEXT LIKE '%obj%';
SQL_TEXT
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
create unique index i_obj1 on obj$(obj#, owner#, type#) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 M
AXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 OBJNO 77120 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 77296))
create unique index i_obj2 on obj$(owner#, name, namespace,remoteowner, linkname, subname, type#, spare3, obj#) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS
255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 16384 NEXT 106496 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 OBJNO 77119 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 77288))
create index i_obj3 on obj$(oid$) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 P
CTINCREASE 0 OBJNO 77118 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 77280))
create index i_obj4 on obj$(dataobj#, type#, owner#) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXE
XTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 OBJNO 77117 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 77272))
create unique index i_obj5 on obj$(spare3, name, namespace, type#, owner#, remoteowner, linkname, subname, obj#) PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS
 255 STORAGE (  INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 PCTINCREASE 0 OBJNO 77116 EXTENTS (FILE 1 BLOCK 77264))

不同版本对应的基表和index结构不一样(本篇blog使用的是12c做试验),但是本方法支持数据库从Oracle 7到Oracle 12c对于bootstrap$中核心index处理.
因为重建bootstrap$中的核心index是一个复杂而且风险非常大的事情,在你无法确定风险或者无法正常完成此类操作之时,如有需要请联系我
Phone:17813235971    Q Q:107644445    E-Mail:dba@xifenfei.com

数据库启动ORA-08103故障恢复

联系:手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题:数据库启动ORA-08103故障恢复

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

数据库在open过程报ORA-08103错误导致数据库无法正确启动

Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\udump\kemu3_ora_29788.trc:
ORA-00604: ?? SQL ?? 1 ????
ORA-08103: ??????
Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\bdump\kemu3_smon_29704.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\bdump\kemu3_smon_29704.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Fri Jul 18 22:02:51 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\bdump\kemu3_smon_29704.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Fri Jul 18 22:02:52 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\bdump\kemu3_smon_29704.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=18, OS id=29876
Fri Jul 18 22:02:53 2014
Errors in file d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\kemu3\bdump\kemu3_smon_29704.trc:
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Fri Jul 18 22:02:54 2014
ORA-604 signalled during: alter database open...

对数据库启动过程做10046

PARSING IN CURSOR #22 len=210 dep=2 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=20960424464 hv=864012087 ad='3063f0b4'
select /*+ rule */ bucket_cnt, row_cnt, cache_cnt, null_cnt, timestamp#, sample_size, minimum,
maximum, distcnt, lowval, hival, density, col#, spare1, spare2, avgcln from hist_head$ where obj#=:1 and intcol#=:2
END OF STMT
EXEC #22:c=0,e=80,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,tim=20960424461
WAIT #22: nam='db file sequential read' ela= 5452 file#=1 block#=60213 blocks=1 obj#=4586 tim=20960429962
FETCH #22:c=0,e=5967,p=1,cr=1,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=2,og=3,tim=20960430462
*** KEWUXS - encountered error: (ORA-00604: 递归 SQL 级别 2 出现错误
ORA-08103: 对象不再存在
)
*** kewrwdbi_1: Error=13515 encountered during run_once
BINDS #21:
kkscoacd
 Bind#0
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=0a217744  bln=22  avl=01  flg=05
  value=0
 Bind#1
  oacdty=01 mxl=32(20) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=18 fl2=0001 frm=01 csi=852 siz=32 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=0a217718  bln=32  avl=20  flg=05
  value="WRI$_ADV_DEFINITIONS"
 Bind#2
  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00
  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0
  kxsbbbfp=0a2176f4  bln=24  avl=02  flg=05
  value=1

这里很明显数据库启动过程,由于hist_head$的file 1 block 60213中的object_id 与 data_object_id 不匹配,从而出现ORA-08103错误,导致数据库无法正常启动,这里的故障的对象为hist_head$,非oracle核心对象,因此直接标记该block 为坏块(模拟普通ORA-08103并解决,模拟极端ORA-08103并解决,rman制造坏块,bbed修复坏块,bbed破坏数据文件),然后启动数据库,备份hist_head$表数据,然后truncate hist_head$,再插入hist_head$,整体完工.
在数据库open过程中,如果遇到ora-8103错误,导致数据库无法正常open,可以对其做10046定位到故障block和对象,然后判断对象是否数据库启动必须的对象,甚至是bootstarp$中对象,然后采取不同的处理方法.

模拟普通ORA-08103并解决

联系:手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题:模拟普通ORA-08103并解决

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

在上一篇中说到:模拟极端ORA-08103并解决,不能通过修改成坏块来解决,这里演示了是一个普通的数据块出现异常,然后通过bbed修改为坏块通过dbms_repair来解决该故障,补充说明:在11.2.0.3.3的库中,使用该方法不能重现该错误,而是直接提示ORA-01578,证明ORACLE的新版本在这一方面进行了改进
创建测试表

SQL> SELECT * FROM V$VERSION;
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Prod
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    10.2.0.4.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
SQL> create table t_xifenfei as
  2   select * from dba_objects where rownum<3000;
Table created.
SQL> SELECT owner, segment_name, EXTENT_ID, FILE_ID, BLOCK_ID, BLOCKS
  2  FROM dba_extents
  3  WHERE segment_name='T_XIFENFEI' AND owner='CHF';
OWNER                          SEGMENT_NAME     EXTENT_ID    FILE_ID   BLOCK_ID     BLOCKS
------------------------------ --------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               0          4         57          8
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               1          4         65          8
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               2          4         73          8
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               3          4         81          8
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               4          4         89          8
CHF                            T_XIFENFEI               5          4         97          8
6 rows selected.
SQL> SELECT DISTINCT dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) blk#,
  2  dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) file#
  3   FROM t_xifenfei
  4   ORDER BY 2,1;
      BLK#      FILE#
---------- ----------
        60          4
        61          4
        62          4
        63          4
        64          4
        65          4
        66          4
        67          4
        68          4
        69          4
        70          4
      BLK#      FILE#
---------- ----------
        71          4
        72          4
        74          4
        75          4
        76          4
        77          4
        78          4
        79          4
        80          4
        81          4
        82          4
      BLK#      FILE#
---------- ----------
        83          4
        84          4
        85          4
        86          4
        87          4
        88          4
        90          4
        91          4
        92          4
        93          4
        94          4
      BLK#      FILE#
---------- ----------
        95          4
        96          4
        97          4
        98          4
37 rows selected.

模拟ORA-08103

SQL> CONN / AS SYSDBA
Connected.
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
--破坏数据快(其实就是清空一个数据块block 95,注意dd和实际数据的block对应关系相差1)
[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf bs=8192 seek=95 count=1 conv=notrunc
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
8192 bytes (8.2 kB) copied, 0.000187113 seconds, 43.8 MB/s
SQL> STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  318767104 bytes
Fixed Size                  1267236 bytes
Variable Size             104860124 bytes
Database Buffers          205520896 bytes
Redo Buffers                7118848 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM CHF.T_XIFENFEI;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM CHF.T_XIFENFEI
                         *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ exp chf/xifenfei tables=t_xifenfei file=/tmp/t_xifenfei.dmp
Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Jan 13 22:09:43 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...
. . exporting table                     T_XIFENFEI
EXP-00056: ORACLE error 8103 encountered
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Export terminated successfully with warnings.
[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ expdp chf/xifenfei tables=t_xifenfei dumpfile=t_xifenfei.dmp
Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Friday, 13 January, 2012 22:10:26
Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "CHF"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":  chf/******** tables=t_xifenfei dumpfile=t_xifenfei.dmp
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 384 KB
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
ORA-31693: Table data object "CHF"."T_XIFENFEI" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:
ORA-02354: error in exporting/importing data
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
Master table "CHF"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for CHF.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
  /u01/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/log/t_xifenfei.dmp
Job "CHF"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" completed with 1 error(s) at 22:10:50

测试证明当出现ORA-08103的时候,全表扫描,exp,expdp均不能正常工作

找到出现ORA-08103数据块

SQL> alter session set max_dump_file_size=unlimited;
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set db_file_multiblock_read_count=1;
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name trace_buffer_on level 1048576';
Session altered.
SQL>  alter session set events '10200 trace name context forever, level 1';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events '8103 trace name errorstack level 3';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events '10236 trace name context forever, level 1';
Session altered.
SQL>  alter session set tracefile_identifier='ORA8103';
Session altered.
SQL> select * from chf.t_xifenfei;
……………………
ERROR:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
2700 rows selected.
--在trace文件结尾发现如下记录,表示读到这个数据块时发生错误
KTRVAC: path typ=0, rdba=100005f
SQL> select to_number('100005f','xxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;
TO_NUMBER('100005F','XXXXXXXXXXXXX')
------------------------------------
                            16777311
SQL> select
  2  dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(16777311) FILE_NO,
  3  dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(16777311) BLOCK_NO
  4  from dual;
   FILE_NO   BLOCK_NO
---------- ----------
         4         95

bbed继续破坏异常块

BBED> set filename '/u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf'
        FILENAME        /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
BBED> set block 95
        BLOCK#          95
BBED> map
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf (0)
 Block: 95                                    Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (00)
BBED> set count 32
        COUNT           32
BBED> d
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf (0)
 Block: 95               Offsets:    0 to   31           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
 <32 bytes per line>
--这个就是和11gr2的区别,在11g中使用该方法来模拟ORA-08103,直接提示坏块,从而不会出现ORA-08103
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 95
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 1
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
BBED> d offset 8180
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf (0)
 Block: 95               Offsets: 8180 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 00000000 00000000 00000000
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> m /x 01010101 offset 8188
BBED-00215: editing not allowed in BROWSE mode
BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit
--修改sumcheck
BBED> m /x 01010101 offset 8188
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf (0)
 Block: 95               Offsets: 8188 to 8191           Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 01010101
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum
Check value for File 0, Block 95:
current = 0x0000, required = 0x0000

测试修改为坏块效果

SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;
select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei
                         *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 4, block # 95)
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/oracle/oradata/XFF/users01.dbf'
SQL> exec dbms_repair.skip_corrupt_blocks('CHF','T_XIFENFEI');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xifenfei;
  COUNT(*)
----------
      2918

通过让ORA-08103对应的块变为真正的坏块,然后使用dbms_repair或者event来跳过坏块,达到拯救数据的目的

模拟极端ORA-08103并解决

联系:手机/微信(+86 17813235971) QQ(107644445)

标题:模拟极端ORA-08103并解决

作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

ORA-08103错误在数据库日程运维和异常恢复中都可能遇到,出现该错误的原因很多,有很多情况下(模拟普通ORA-08103并解决),直接通过修改块使其在数据库查询的时候表标志为坏块,然后使用event或者dbms_repair包来标志该块,然后跳过就可以解决该问题,但是有些时候,遇到极端情况,该方法会失效,需要借助极端工具来处理该极端问题.
分析表相关EXTENT

SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
SQL> create table t_xifenfei  as
  2   select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> select count(*) from t_xifenfei;
  COUNT(*)
----------
     74504
SQL> select data_object_id,object_id from dba_objects where object_name='T_XIFENFEI';
DATA_OBJECT_ID  OBJECT_ID
-------------- ----------
         75592      75592
SQL> select file_id,block_id,block_id+blocks-1
  2      from dba_extents
  3   where segment_name ='T_XIFENFEI' AND owner='CHF';
   FILE_ID   BLOCK_ID BLOCK_ID+BLOCKS-1
---------- ---------- -----------------
         4        680               687
         4        688               695
         4        696               703
         4        704               711  <---注意
         4        712               719
         4        720               727
         4        728               735
         …………
24 rows selected.
SQL> Select segment_name,header_file,header_blocK
  2  from dba_segments where
  3  segment_name in ('T_XIFENFEI') and owner='CHF'
  4  ;
SEGMENT_NAME                   HEADER_FILE HEADER_BLOCK
------------------------------ ----------- ------------
T_XIFENFEI                               4          682
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> alter system dump datafile 4 block 682;
System altered.
SQL> select value from v$diag_info where name='Default Trace File';
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_28933.trc
--trace文件
Dump of memory from 0xB6CFD600 to 0xB6CFF600
B6CFD600 0000A223 010002AA 000DB4EA 04010000  [#...............]
B6CFD610 00008ECF 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
B6CFD620 00000000 00000018 00000480 00000A9C  [................]
B6CFD630 00000017 0000003F 00000080 010007BF  [....?...........]
B6CFD640 00000000 00000017 00000000 0000043F  [............?...]
B6CFD650 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000017  [................]
B6CFD660 0000003F 00000080 010007BF 00000000  [?...............]
B6CFD670 00000017 00000000 0000043F 01000780  [........?.......]
B6CFD680 01000780 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
B6CFD690 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
        Repeat 3 times
B6CFD6D0 00000001 00002000 00000000 00001434  [..... ......4...]
B6CFD6E0 00000000 010002A9 00000001 01000781  [................]
B6CFD6F0 010002A9 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]
B6CFD700 00000000 00000000 00000018 00000000  [................]
B6CFD710 00012748 10000000 010002A8 00000008  [H'..............]
B6CFD720 010002B0 00000008 010002B8 00000008  [................]
B6CFD730 010002C0 00000008 010002C8 00000008  [................]   <----dump中找到下面值
……
  Extent Map
  -----------------------------------------------------------------
   0x010002a8  length: 8
   0x010002b0  length: 8
   0x010002b8  length: 8
   0x010002c0  length: 8     <-----选择第四个exent
   0x010002c8  length: 8
   …………
  Auxillary Map
  --------------------------------------------------------
   Extent 0     :  L1 dba:  0x010002a8 Data dba:  0x010002ab
   Extent 1     :  L1 dba:  0x010002a8 Data dba:  0x010002b0
   Extent 2     :  L1 dba:  0x010002b8 Data dba:  0x010002b9
   Extent 3     :  L1 dba:  0x010002b8 Data dba:  0x010002c0  <---同上
   Extent 4     :  L1 dba:  0x010002c8 Data dba:  0x010002c9
   Extent 5     :  L1 dba:  0x010002c8 Data dba:  0x010002d0
   …………
  --------------------------------------------------------
--确定Extent 3的记录在file 4 block 682 的偏移量为304
------省略了相同部分B6CFD
SQL> SELECT TO_NUMBER('730','XXXXX') FROM DUAL;
TO_NUMBER('730','XXXXX')
------------------------
                    1840
SQL> SELECT TO_NUMBER('600','XXX') FROM DUAL;
TO_NUMBER('600','XXX')
----------------------
                  1536
SQL> SELECT 1840-1536 FROM DUAL;
 1840-1536
----------
       304
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

这里我们假设修改SEGMENT HEADER中关于EXTENT 3(从0开始计数)的映射地址,从而来使得该表在查询的时候出现ORA-08103错误

bbed修改相关值

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ bbed parfile=bbed.par
BBED> SET MODE EDIT
        MODE            Edit
BBED> INFO
 File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)
 -----  ----                                                        ----------
     4  /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                               0
BBED> SET FILE 4 BLOCK 682
        FILE#           4
        BLOCK#          682
BBED> D
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf (4)
 Block: 682              Offsets:    0 to  511           Dba:0x010002aa
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 23a20000 aa020001 eab40d00 00000104 cf8e0000 …………
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> m /x 1100
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf (4)
 Block: 682              Offsets:    0 to  511           Dba:0x010002aa
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 11000000 aa020001 eab40d00 00000104 cf8e0000 …………
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> d
 File: /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf (4)
 Block: 682              Offsets:    0 to  511           Dba:0x010002aa
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 11000000 aa020001 eab40d00 00000104 cf8e0000 …………
 <32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 4, Block 682:
current = 0x2cfd, required = 0x2cfd

重现ORA-08103

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  313860096 bytes
Fixed Size                  1344652 bytes
Variable Size             239078260 bytes
Database Buffers           67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers                6328320 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> conn chf/xifenfei
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from t_xifenfei;
select count(*) from t_xifenfei
                     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists

定位坏块位置

SQL> alter session set max_dump_file_size=unlimited;
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set db_file_multiblock_read_count=1;
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name trace_buffer_on level 1048576';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events '10200 trace name context forever, level 1';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events '8103 trace name errorstack level 3';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set events '10236 trace name context forever, level 1';
Session altered.
SQL> alter session set tracefile_identifier='ORA8103';
Session altered.
SQL> select * from chf.t_xifenfei;
select * from chf.t_xifenfei
                  *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-08103: object no longer exists
--trace文件关键内容
block_row_dump:
tab 0, row 0, @0x1f70
tl: 48 fb: --H-FL-- lb: 0x0  cc: 3
col  0: [ 9]  44 49 43 54 2e 42 41 53 45
col  1: [ 1]  32
col  2: [32]
…………
end_of_block_dump
The buffer with tsn: 0 rdba: 0x00400321 has already been dumped
The buffer with tsn: 4 rdba: 0x010002aa was pinned,
but could not be dumped
SQL> Select to_number('010002aa','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx') from dual;
TO_NUMBER('010002AA','XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX')
------------------------------------------
                                  16777898
SQL> select
  2  dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(16777898) FILE_NO,
  3  dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(16777898) BLOCK_NO
  4  from dual;
   FILE_NO   BLOCK_NO
---------- ----------
         4        682

检查坏块

[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ dbv file=/u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Jan 13 18:03:13 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
Block Checking: DBA = 16777898, Block Type = Unlimited data segment header with flg blks
Incorrect total map count: 24
Page 682 failed with check code 17006
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined         : 2240
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 1421
Total Pages Failing   (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 199
Total Pages Failing   (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 229
Total Pages Processed (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Failing   (Seg)  : 0
Total Pages Empty            : 391
Total Pages Marked Corrupt   : 1
Total Pages Influx           : 0
Total Pages Encrypted        : 0
Highest block SCN            : 898278 (0.898278)
--对应块
SQL> select
  2  dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(16777898) FILE_NO,
  3  dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(16777898) BLOCK_NO
  4  from dual;
   FILE_NO   BLOCK_NO
---------- ----------
         4        682

通过这里dbv检查发现,该数据库已经是坏块了,也就是说,网上流传的人工标志为坏块的方法在此处行不通,这里我们考虑使用dul等类此工具挖取数据,来拯救数据

dul和odu常规操作

DUL> unload table chf.t_xifenfei;
. unloading table                T_XIFENFEI
DUL: Warning: Using data objno from segment header( 16779199) instead of expected id (75592) from dictionary
DUL: Error: No entry in control file for block: ts# = 4 rfile# = 0 block# = 1087
DUL: Error: While processing unknown file block# 1087
DUL: Error: Could not read/parse data block
ODU> unload table chf.t_xifenfei
Unloading table: T_XIFENFEI,object ID: 75592
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=75592 DataObj#=75592 TS#=4 File#=4 Block#=682 Cluster=0)
corrupted block
0 rows unloaded

通过上面的测试证明,在该中情况下(SEGMENT HEADER)出现异常时,dul/odu均不能使用最常规的方法挖的数据

扫描数据文件方式挖
因为odu在这个方面的操作人性化于dul,所以只用odu进行相关测试,dul肯定能过实现相同功能

ODU> SCAN EXTENT TABLESPACE 4 PARALLEL 2
scan extent start: 2012-9-23 2:47:51
scanning extent...
scanning extent finished.
scan extent completed: 2012-9-23 2:47:51
ODU> unload table chf.t_xifenfei object  75592
Unloading table: T_XIFENFEI,object ID: 75592
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=75592 DataObj#=75592 TS#=4 File#=4 Block#=682 Cluster=0)
74504 rows unloaded

试验证明通过odu扫描表空间/数据文件找回来所有的数据,然后truncate掉问题表,导入该数据库,问题可以得意顺利解决