恢复被rm意外删除数据文件

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标题：恢复被rm意外删除数据文件

作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]

一.模拟数据文件删除

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Dec 31 22:00:52 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
--数据库版本
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options
--所有数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
--删除example01.dbf数据文件
SQL> !rm /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
SQL> !ls -l /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
ls: /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf: 没有那个文件或目录
--因为数据文件被删除，创建表失败
SQL> create table t_xifenfei tablespace example
  2  as select * from dba_tables;
as select * from dba_tables
                 *
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5
ORA-01110: data file 5: '/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

二.找回数据文件

--查找dbw进程spid
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep dbw|grep -v grep
oracle   18387     1  0 Dec22 ?        00:00:12 ora_dbw0_ora11g
--查看该进程所有文件句柄
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /proc/18387/fd
总计 0
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 0 -> /dev/null
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 1 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 10 -> /dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 11 -> /dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 12 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 13 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 14 -> /proc/18387/fd
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 15 -> /dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 16 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 17 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 18 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORA11G
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 19 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 2 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 20 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 21 -> socket:[441562]
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 256 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 257 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 258 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 259 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 260 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 261 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 262 -> /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/temp01.dbf
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 3 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 4 -> /dev/null
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 5 -> /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 6 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 7 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 8 -> /dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 9 -> /dev/null
--通过句柄恢复数据文件[被删除数据文件会被标示(deleted)]
[oracle@node1 ~]$ cp /proc/18387/fd/261 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
--确认该数据文件已经恢复成功
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 12-31 22:05 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

三.数据文件online

SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
Database altered.
SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
Database altered.
SQL> create table t_xifenfei tablespace example
  2  as select * from dba_tables;
Table created.

四.补充说明
在意外使用os命令删除掉数据文件时，千万不要慌张重启数据库或者操作系统，可以通过dbwn进程相关句柄找回数据文件

One thought on “恢复被rm意外删除数据文件”

  1. 如果是unix系统，可能需要先通过lsof找到句柄，然后通过cp实现

    [root@node1 ~]# lsof -p 18387 |grep deleted
oracle  18387 oracle  261uW  REG    8,6 362422272   13598733 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)
cd /proc/18387 /fd/
cp 261 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
    回复

  3. 数据文件被删除后，请不要offline，不然在句柄中就会被删除掉

    回复

  4. 建议不要用 some chinese插件 会屏蔽很多国外的评论

    兄弟，我也没有办法。前段时间不知道得罪谁了，国外的留言，一天几百条，我邮箱都爆掉了

    回复

  7. lsof安装

    [root@xifenfei ~]# tar xjf lsof_4.86.tar.bz2
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86]# tar xvf lsof_4.86_src.tar
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure
No target dialect was specified.
Usage: Configure <options> <target-dialect>
  <options>:  -clean        : clean up previous configuration
              -d|-dialects  : display a list of supported dialect versions
              -h|-help      : display help information
              -n            : avoid AFS, customization, and inventory checks
  <target-dialect> (****USE -d TO GET TESTED DIALECT VERSION NUMBERS****):
    aix|aixgcc              : IBM AIX xlc (aix) or gcc (aixgcc)
    darwin                  : Apple Darwin
    decosf                  : DEC OSF/1
    digital_unix|du         : Digital UNIX
    freebsd                 : FreeBSD
    hpux|hpuxgcc            : HP-UX cc (hpux) or gcc (hpuxgcc)
    linux                   : Linux
    netbsd                  : NetBSD
    nextstep|next|ns|nxt    : NEXTSTEP
    openbsd                 : OpenBSD
    openstep|os             : OPENSTEP
    osr|sco                 : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, SCO devloper's compiler
    osrgcc|scogcc           : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, gcc compiler
    osr6                    : SCO OpenServer 6.0.0, SCO compiler
    solaris|solariscc       : Solaris gcc (solaris) or cc (solariscc)
    tru64                   : Tru64 UNIX
    unixware|uw             : SCO|Caldera UnixWare
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure linux
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make install
    回复

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