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相关信息和准备工作
SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production CORE 9.2.0.3.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') "www.xifenfei.com" from dual; www.xifenfei.com ------------------- 2012-05-29 19:39:48
启动数据块异常
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 353441008 bytes Fixed Size 451824 bytes Variable Size 184549376 bytes Database Buffers 167772160 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes Database mounted. ORA-01110: data file 11: '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf' ORA-01115: IO error reading block from file 11 (block # 1) ORA-27072: skgfdisp: I/O error
bbed检测datafile header
[oracle@xifenfei ~]$ bbed password=blockedit blocksize=8192 listfile=/home/oracle/bbed.file mode=edit
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Sat May 26 05:29:37 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> info
File# Name Size(blks)
----- ---- ----------
1 /home/oracle/users01.dbf 0
2 /home/oracle/system01.dbf.head 0
3 /home/oracle/data11.ora 0
4 /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf 0
5 /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/users01.dbf 0
6 /home/oracle/data11.ora.10 0
11 /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf 0
12 /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed02.dbf 0
BBED> set file 11
FILE# 11
BBED> set block 1
BLOCK# 1
BBED> map
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------
BBED-00400: invalid blocktype (00)
BBED> d
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 0 to 511 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
--header 记录全部为0，证明数据文件header坏掉
拷贝数据块
为了方便,拷贝同一个表空间的数据块
BBED> set file 12
FILE# 12
BBED> set block 1
BLOCK# 1
BBED> d count 16
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed02.dbf (12)
Block: 1 Offsets: 0 to 15 Dba:0x03000001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0b020000 01000003 00000000 00000104
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> copy dba 0x03000001 to dba 0x02c00001
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 0 to 15 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0b020000 01000003 00000000 00000104
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> show
FILE# 11
BLOCK# 1
OFFSET 0
DBA 0x02c00001 (46137345 11,1)
FILENAME /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf
BIFILE bifile.bbd
LISTFILE /home/oracle/bbed.file
BLOCKSIZE 8192
MODE Edit
EDIT Unrecoverable
IBASE Dec
OBASE Dec
WIDTH 80
COUNT 16
LOGFILE log.bbd
SPOOL No
BBED> map
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------
Data File Header
struct kcvfh, 360 bytes @0
ub4 tailchk @8188
修改数据块内容
BBED> p kcvfh
struct kcvfh, 360 bytes @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0
ub1 type_kcbh @0 0x0b
ub1 frmt_kcbh @1 0x02
ub1 spare1_kcbh @2 0x00
ub1 spare2_kcbh @3 0x00
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x03000001
ub4 bas_kcbh @8 0x00000000
ub2 wrp_kcbh @12 0x0000
ub1 seq_kcbh @14 0x01
ub1 flg_kcbh @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
ub2 chkval_kcbh @16 0xb10a
ub2 spare3_kcbh @18 0x0000
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20
ub4 kccfhswv @20 0x09200000
ub4 kccfhcvn @24 0x08000000
ub4 kccfhdbi @28 0x5314b4cd
text kccfhdbn[0] @32 X
text kccfhdbn[1] @33 I
text kccfhdbn[2] @34 F
text kccfhdbn[3] @35 E
text kccfhdbn[4] @36 N
text kccfhdbn[5] @37 F
text kccfhdbn[6] @38 E
text kccfhdbn[7] @39 I
ub4 kccfhcsq @40 0x000001d8
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00001400
s_blkz kccfhbsz @48 0x00
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x000c
ub2 kccfhtyp @54 0x0003
ub4 kccfhacid @56 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcks @60 0x00000000
text kccfhtag[0] @64
text kccfhtag[1] @65
text kccfhtag[2] @66
text kccfhtag[3] @67
text kccfhtag[4] @68
text kccfhtag[5] @69
text kccfhtag[6] @70
text kccfhtag[7] @71
text kccfhtag[8] @72
text kccfhtag[9] @73
text kccfhtag[10] @74
text kccfhtag[11] @75
text kccfhtag[12] @76
text kccfhtag[13] @77
text kccfhtag[14] @78
text kccfhtag[15] @79
text kccfhtag[16] @80
text kccfhtag[17] @81
text kccfhtag[18] @82
text kccfhtag[19] @83
text kccfhtag[20] @84
text kccfhtag[21] @85
text kccfhtag[22] @86
text kccfhtag[23] @87
text kccfhtag[24] @88
text kccfhtag[25] @89
text kccfhtag[26] @90
text kccfhtag[27] @91
text kccfhtag[28] @92
text kccfhtag[29] @93
text kccfhtag[30] @94
text kccfhtag[31] @95
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96 0x00000000
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0xc00a3405
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0b2c
ub4 kcvfhcrt @108 0x2ebeb8c3
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112 0x2e51408f
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x0002ab78
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhbti @124 0x00000000
struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes @128
ub4 kscnbas @128 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @132 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhbth @136 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhsta @138 0x0000 (NONE)
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @140
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @140
ub4 kscnbas @140 0xc00b6467
ub2 kscnwrp @144 0x0b2c
ub4 kcvcptim @148 0x2ebf0c07
ub2 kcvcpthr @152 0x0001
union u, 12 bytes @156
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @156
ub4 kcrbaseq @156 0x00000015
ub4 kcrbabno @160 0x0000429a
ub2 kcrbabof @164 0x0010
struct kcvcptr, 12 bytes @156
struct kcrtrscn, 8 bytes @156
ub4 kscnbas @156 0x00000015
ub2 kscnwrp @160 0x429a
ub4 kcrtrtim @164 0x09110010
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @168 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @169 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @170 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @171 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @172 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @173 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @174 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @175 0x00
ub4 kcvfhcpc @176 0x0000000d
ub4 kcvfhrts @180 0x2ebeea4f
ub4 kcvfhccc @184 0x0000000c
struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes @188
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @188
ub4 kscnbas @188 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @192 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @196 0x00000000
ub2 kcvcpthr @200 0x0000
union u, 12 bytes @204
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @204
ub4 kcrbaseq @204 0x00000000
ub4 kcrbabno @208 0x00000000
ub2 kcrbabof @212 0x0000
struct kcvcptr, 12 bytes @204
struct kcrtrscn, 8 bytes @204
ub4 kscnbas @204 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @208 0x0000
ub4 kcrtrtim @212 0x00000000
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @216 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @217 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @218 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @219 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @220 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @221 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @222 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @223 0x00
ub4 kcvfhbhz @224 0x00000000
struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes @228
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0] @228 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1] @232 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2] @236 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3] @240 0x00000000
word kcvfhtsn @244 12
ub2 kcvfhtln @248 0x0004
text kcvfhtnm[0] @250 B
text kcvfhtnm[1] @251 B
text kcvfhtnm[2] @252 E
text kcvfhtnm[3] @253 D
text kcvfhtnm[4] @254
text kcvfhtnm[5] @255
text kcvfhtnm[6] @256
text kcvfhtnm[7] @257
text kcvfhtnm[8] @258
text kcvfhtnm[9] @259
text kcvfhtnm[10] @260
text kcvfhtnm[11] @261
text kcvfhtnm[12] @262
text kcvfhtnm[13] @263
text kcvfhtnm[14] @264
text kcvfhtnm[15] @265
text kcvfhtnm[16] @266
text kcvfhtnm[17] @267
text kcvfhtnm[18] @268
text kcvfhtnm[19] @269
text kcvfhtnm[20] @270
text kcvfhtnm[21] @271
text kcvfhtnm[22] @272
text kcvfhtnm[23] @273
text kcvfhtnm[24] @274
text kcvfhtnm[25] @275
text kcvfhtnm[26] @276
text kcvfhtnm[27] @277
text kcvfhtnm[28] @278
text kcvfhtnm[29] @279
ub4 kcvfhrfn @280 0x0000000c
struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes @284
ub4 kscnbas @284 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @288 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhrft @292 0x2ebee9f9
struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes @296
ub4 kscnbas @296 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @300 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhbbc @304 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhncb @308 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhmcb @312 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhlcb @316 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhbcs @320 0x00000000
ub2 kcvfhofb @324 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhnfb @326 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhprc @328 0x00000000
struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes @332
ub4 kscnbas @332 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @336 0x0000
struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes @340
ub4 kscnbas @340 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @344 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhtrt @356 0x00000000
/*需要修改内容
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x03000001
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00001400
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x000c
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0xc00a3405
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0b2c
ub4 kcvfhrfn @280 0x0000000c
/
/*修改值(通过错误提示结合file$表)
rdba_kcbh 02c00001
kccfhfsz 00000500
kccfhfno 000b
kscnbas c00a32b8
kcvfhrfn 0000000b
/
BBED> set offset 4
OFFSET 4
BBED> m /x 0100c002
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 4 to 19 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0100c002 00000000 00000104 0ab10000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 44
OFFSET 44
BBED> m /x 00050000
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 44 to 59 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
00050000 00200000 0c000300 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 52
OFFSET 52
BBED> m /x
BBED-00203: incomplete/malformed command
BBED> m /x 0b00
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 52 to 67 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0b000300 00000000 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 100
OFFSET 100
BBED> m /x b8320ac0
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 100 to 115 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
b8320ac0 2c0b0000 c3b8be2e 8f40512e
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 280
OFFSET 280
BBED> m /x 0b000000
File: /u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf (11)
Block: 1 Offsets: 280 to 295 Dba:0x02c00001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0b000000 00000000 00000000 f9e9be2e
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 11, Block 1:
current = 0xa777, required = 0xa777
重建控制文件open数据库
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/t_xifenfie.ctl'; Database altered. SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 353441008 bytes Fixed Size 451824 bytes Variable Size 184549376 bytes Database Buffers 167772160 bytes Redo Buffers 667648 bytes SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XIFENFEI" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG 2 MAXLOGFILES 50 3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 4 MAXDATAFILES 100 5 MAXINSTANCES 1 6 MAXLOGHISTORY 226 7 LOGFILE 8 GROUP 1 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo01.log' SIZE 100M, 9 GROUP 2 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo02.log' SIZE 100M, 10 GROUP 3 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/redo03.log' SIZE 100M 11 DATAFILE 12 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf', 13 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf', 14 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/cwmlite01.dbf', 15 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/drsys01.dbf', 16 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/example01.dbf', 17 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/indx01.dbf', 18 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/odm01.dbf', 19 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/tools01.dbf', 20 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/users01.dbf', 21 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/xdb01.dbf', 22 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed01.dbf', 23 '/u01/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/bbed02.dbf' 24 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK 25 ; Control file created. SQL> recover database ; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-00264: no recovery required SQL> alter database open; Database altered.
至此通过拷贝相同表空间的datafile header修复损坏的datafile header
关键的这两步也贴出来吧，呵呵
“为了方便,拷贝同一个表空间的数据块 1 修改数据块内容 1”
已经包括在blog内容中了
请问，拷贝同一个表空间的段头去覆盖，的原理是什么哪？