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接到第一个使用Oracle 12C作为生产库的恢复救援.有两个业务数据文件报文件头损坏,其他数据文件全部是9月份的一次备份,在当前的条件下,希望我们能够帮他们恢复出来业务文件中的数据
数据库版本信息
SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER CON_ID -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production 0 PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0 CORE 12.1.0.1.0 Production 0 TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0 NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0
数据库故障
具体脚本请参考:数据库恢复检查脚本(Oracle Database Recovery Check)
控制文件信息
控制文件中关于数据文件信息
数据文件头信息
alert日志报错
Reading datafile '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf' for corruption at rdba: 0x00000001 (file 4, block 1) Reread (file 4, block 1) found same corrupt data (no logical check) Hex dump of (file 5, block 1) in trace file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/valuenet/valuenet/trace/valuenet_ora_12384.trc Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00000001 (file 5, block 1) Fractured block found during kcvxfh v8 Data in bad block: type: 0 format: 2 rdba: 0x00000001 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x05 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x00000001 check value in block header: 0xa701 computed block checksum: 0x0 Reading datafile '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200' for corruption at rdba: 0x00000001 (file 5, block 1) Reread (file 5, block 1) found same corrupt data (no logical check) Hex dump of (file 4, block 1) in trace file /app/oracle/diag/rdbms/valuenet/valuenet/trace/valuenet_ora_12384.trc Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00000001 (file 4, block 1) Fractured block found during kcvxfh v8 Data in bad block: type: 0 format: 2 rdba: 0x00000001 last change scn: 0x0000.00000000 seq: 0x1 flg: 0x05 spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0 consistency value in tail: 0x00000001 check value in block header: 0xa701 computed block checksum: 0x0
odu无法识别异常文件
[oracle@db odu]$ ./odu Oracle Data Unloader trial version 4.1.3 Copyright (c) 2008,2009,2010,2011 XiongJun. All rights reserved. loading default config....... byte_order little block_size 8192 db_timezone -7 Invalid db timezone:-7 client_timezone 8 Invalid client timezone:8 asmfile_extract_path /home/oracle/hongye/odu/data data_path /home/oracle/hongye/odu/data lob_path /home/oracle/hongye/odu/data charset_name ZHS16GBK ncharset_name AL16UTF16 output_form dmp error at line 10. lob_storage infile clob_byte_order big trace_level 1 delimiter | unload_deleted yes file_header_offset 0 is_tru64 no record_row_addr no convert_clob_charset yes load config file 'config.txt' successful loading default asm disk file ...... can not open file 'asmdisk.txt', error message:No such file or directory. loading default control file ...... unknown file format '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf' unknown file format '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200' ts# fn rfn bsize blocks bf offset filename ---- ---- ---- ----- -------- -- ------ -------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 8192 194560 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01.dbf 6 2 10 8192 45840 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/example01.dbf 1 3 3 8192 907520 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sysaux01.dbf 4 1024 10 8192 0 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf 5 1024 9 8192 0 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 4 6 6 8192 128320 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/users01.dbf 7 7 7 8192 780288 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/undotbs03.dbf 11 8 8 8192 25600 N 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/indx01.dbf load control file 'control.txt' successful loading dictionary data......done loading scanned data......done
dul无法识别异常文件
[oracle@db dul]$ ./dul Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.32 - Internal Only - on Sun Nov 2 23:34:42 2014 with 64-bit io functions Copyright (c) 1994 2014 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved. Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only DUL: Warning: ulimit process stack size is only 33554432 Found db_id = 270587870 Found db_name = VALUENET DUL: Warning: Cannot verify file number for /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf DUL: Warning: First four bytes(76 162 0 0) of block 2 are not the start of a proper data block header DUL: Warning: Block corruption or configuration error DUL: Warning: Check db_block_size and/or osd_file_leader_size and/or file offset DUL: Error: File Number can only be zero for Single Tablespace Datafiles DUL: Warning: Cannot verify file number for /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 DUL: Warning: First four bytes(76 162 0 0) of block 2 are not the start of a proper data block header DUL: Warning: Block corruption or configuration error DUL: Warning: Check db_block_size and/or osd_file_leader_size and/or file offset DUL: Error: File Number can only be zero for Single Tablespace Datafiles DUL> show datafiles; ts# rf# start blocks offs open err file name 0 1 0 194561 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01.dbf 1 3 0 907521 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sysaux01.dbf 4 6 0 128321 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/users01.dbf 7 7 0 780289 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/undotbs03.dbf 11 8 0 25601 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/indx01.dbf 6 10 0 45841 0 1 0 /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/example01.dbf
该异常文件使用dul/odu均无法正常识别.证明文件头确实已经损坏
dbv 检测
[oracle@db trace]$ dbv file=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 DBVERIFY: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 2 14:08:34 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 194560 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 114596 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 26198 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 37787 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 1 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 15979 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Total Pages Encrypted : 0 Highest block SCN : 129603862 (0.129603862) [oracle@db ~]$ dbv file=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf DBVERIFY: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 2 23:12:05 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf DBVERIFY - Verification complete Total Pages Examined : 655360 Total Pages Processed (Data) : 294938 Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Index): 233404 Total Pages Failing (Index): 0 Total Pages Processed (Lob) : 38 Total Pages Failing (Lob) : 0 Total Pages Processed (Other): 23252 Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0 Total Pages Empty : 103728 Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0 Total Pages Influx : 0 Total Pages Encrypted : 0 Highest block SCN : 134665298 (0.134665298)
dbv检测结果无坏块,但是v$datafile_header和alert日志中报坏块,初步判断是由于该文件是bigfile,dbv未检测到文件头坏块,实际该该数据文件头损坏，其他block正常.所幸的是该库有9月份的rman备份(中间归档丢失),因此使用rman还原出来9月份的数据文件,然后使用dd拷贝两个 block(block 0和block 1)到异常文件.
[root@db freetouch]# dd if=/app1/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf bs=8192 count=2 of=/tmp/odu/sales.2 2+0 records in 2+0 records out 16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 0.0176368 s, 929 kB/s [root@db freetouch]# dd if=/tmp/odu/sales.2 of=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf bs=8192 count=2 conv=notrunc 2+0 records in 2+0 records out 16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 6.4281e-05 s, 255 MB/s [root@db freetouch]# dd if=/app1/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 bs=8192 count=2 of=/tmp/odu/drp_200200.2 2+0 records in 2+0 records out 16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 0.0185934 s, 881 kB/s [root@db freetouch]# dd if=/tmp/odu/drp_200200.2 of=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 bs=8192 count=2 conv=notrunc 2+0 records in 2+0 records out 16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 6.4419e-05 s, 254 MB/s
尝试恢复数据库
SQL> recover database; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE option must be done SQL> recover database using backup controlfile; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-19909: datafile 4 belongs to an orphan incarnation ORA-01110: data file 4: '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf'
使用bbed修改相关文件头,然后继续恢复
具体见：bbed解决ORA-01190类似方法处理
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 129603904 generated at 11/02/2014 19:19:54 needed for thread
1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/app/oracle/recovery_area/VALUENET/archivelog/2014_11_02/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 129603904 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel;
ORA-00308: cannot open archived log 'cancel;'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [129603911], [0],
[129603913], [29360256], [], [], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 19881
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
出现ORA-600[2662]错误,因为scn相差比较小，重启数据库机器,出现ORA-600[4194]错误
SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/pfile.txt' mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes Fixed Size 2291472 bytes Variable Size 973080816 bytes Database Buffers 1526726656 bytes Redo Buffers 3239936 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 1: '/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01.dbf' SQL> recover database ; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-16433: The database or pluggable database must be opened in read/write mode.
重建控制文件后继续恢复
SQL> alter database open resetlogs; alter database open resetlogs * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4194], [46], [19], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] Process ID: 20351 Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
设置undo_management=MANUAL然后继续恢复
[oracle@db tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Nov 2 19:29:45 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/pfile.txt' ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes Fixed Size 2291472 bytes Variable Size 973080816 bytes Database Buffers 1526726656 bytes Redo Buffers 3239936 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.
这次的恢复也证明Oracle 12C确实有着越来越多的用户在使用.