数据库版本

数据库启动报错

Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Aug 17 12:34:52 2017
alter database open
Thu Aug 17 12:34:52 2017
Ping without log force is disabled
.
Thu Aug 17 12:34:52 2017
Errors in file D:\APP\ORACLE\diag\rdbms\XIFENFEI\XIFENFEI\trace\XIFENFEI_ora_5960.trc:
ORA-01113: 文件 5 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 5: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_DN9MQJFK_.DBF'
ORA-1113 signalled during: alter database open

客户尝试恢复

SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 1.0301E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  3842760 bytes
Variable Size            1778388280 bytes
Database Buffers         8489271296 bytes
Redo Buffers               29708288 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter  database open;
alter  database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 5 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 5: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_DN9MQJFK_.DBF'
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline drop;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01113: 文件 6 需要介质恢复
ORA-01110: 数据文件 6: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_DN9MQH75_.DBF'
SQL> recover datafile 6;
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00322: 日志 3 (用于线程 1) 不是最新副本
ORA-00312: 联机日志 3 线程 1: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6DW_.LOG'
ORA-00322: 日志 3 (用于线程 1) 不是最新副本
ORA-00312: 联机日志 3 线程 1: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6BX_.LOG'

使用Oracle Database Recovery Check检测结果

尝试恢复

SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00322: log 3 of thread 1 is not current copy
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6DW_.LOG'
ORA-00322: log 3 of thread 1 is not current copy
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6BX_.LOG'
SQL> recover database until cancel
ORA-00279: 更改 9843709 (在 08/17/2017 07:04:02 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O1_MF_1_717_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 9843709 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #717 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_DN9MV69G_.LOG
ORA-00310: archived log contains sequence 716; sequence 717 required
ORA-00334: archived log:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_DN9MV69G_.LOG'
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9MN5OT_.DBF'
SQL> recover database until cancel
ORA-00279: 更改 9843709 (在 08/17/2017 07:04:02 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O1_MF_1_717_%U_.AR
C
ORA-00280: 更改 9843709 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #717 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG
ORA-00310: archived log contains sequence 715; sequence 717 required
ORA-00334: archived log:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG'
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9MN5OT_.DBF'
SQL> recover database until cancel
ORA-00279: 更改 9843709 (在 08/17/2017 07:04:02 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O1_MF_1_717_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 9843709 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #717 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6DW_.LOG
已应用的日志。
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
数据库已更改。
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: 更改 9843709 (在 08/17/2017 07:04:02 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O1_MF_1_717_%U_.AR
C
ORA-00280: 更改 9843709 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #717 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6DW_.LOG
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9MN5OT_.DBF'
ORA-01112: 未启动介质恢复
SQL> recover datafile 5;
ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
ORA-00264: 不要求恢复
SQL> SELECT status,
  2  checkpoint_change#,
  3  checkpoint_time,FUZZY,
  4  count(*) ROW_NUM
  5  FROM v$datafile_header
  6  GROUP BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time,fuzzy
  7  ORDER BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time;
STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     FUZ          ROW_NUM
------- ------------------ ------------------- --- ----------------
ONLINE             9850826 2017-08-17 08:15:45 NO                 1
ONLINE             9857411 2017-08-17 08:15:45 NO                 7
ONLINE             9857411 2017-08-17 09:00:48 NO                 2
SQL> set numw 16
SQL> SELECT status,
  2  checkpoint_change#,
  3  checkpoint_time,last_change#,
  4  count(*) ROW_NUM
  5  FROM v$datafile
  6  GROUP BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time,last_change#
  7  ORDER BY status, checkpoint_change#, checkpoint_time;
STATUS  CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME         LAST_CHANGE#          ROW_NUM
------- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------
ONLINE             9857411 2017-08-17 09:00:48          9850826                1
ONLINE             9857411 2017-08-17 09:00:48          9857411                8
SYSTEM             9857411 2017-08-17 09:00:48          9857411                1
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01152: 文件 1 没有从过旧的备份中还原
ORA-01110: 数据文件 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9MN5OT_.DBF'
[/shell]
这里比较明显，由于controlfile的scn 大于db的scn，从而出现了ORA-01152的错误,重试重建控制文件
<br>
<strong>重建控制文件</strong>

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as 'd:\app\ctl.txt';
数据库已更改。
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area      10301210624 bytes
Fixed Size                        3842760 bytes
Variable Size                  1778388280 bytes
Database Buffers               8489271296 bytes
Redo Buffers                     29708288 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "XIFENFEI" NORESETLOGS  NOARCHIVELOG
  2      MAXLOGFILES 16
  3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  4      MAXDATAFILES 100
  5      MAXINSTANCES 8
  6      MAXLOGHISTORY 292
  7  LOGFILE
  8    GROUP 1 (
  9      'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV652_.LOG',
 10      'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LO
G'
 11    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 12    GROUP 2 (
 13      'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_DN9MV68H_.LOG',
 14      'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_2_DN9MV69G_.LO
G'
 15    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
 16    GROUP 3 (
 17      'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6BX_.LOG',
 18      'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_3_DN9MV6DW_.LO
G'
 19    ) SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
 20  DATAFILE
 21    'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9MN5OT_.DBF',
 22    'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSAUX_DN9MK6B3_.DBF',
 23    'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_UNDOTBS1_DN9MQJFK_.DBF',
 24    'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_USERS_DN9MQH75_.DBF',
 25    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE06',
 26    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE05',
 27    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE04',
 28    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE03',
 29    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE02',
 30    'D:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\12.1.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\XIFENFEIFILE01'
 31  CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
 32  ;
控制文件已创建。

尝试恢复

SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4194], [41], [36], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
进程 ID: 2864
会话 ID: 62 序列号: 54236

本来到这一步，错误比较明显，undo异常，这类直接对undo进行处理即可，可是运气不太好

异常crash之后redo损坏

SQL> startup pfile='d:/app/pfile.txt'
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 1.0301E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  3842760 bytes
Variable Size            1778388280 bytes
Database Buffers         8489271296 bytes
Redo Buffers               29708288 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
ORA-00354: 损坏重做日志块标头
ORA-00353: 日志损坏接近块 60 更改 23924938639111 时间 08/17/2017 21:36:16
ORA-00312: 联机日志 1 线程 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG'
ORA-00312: 联机日志 1 线程 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV652_.LOG'
SQL> recover database;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00354: corrupt redo log block header
ORA-00353: log corruption near block 60 change 23924938639111 time 08/17/201721:36:16
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG'
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV652_.LOG'
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: 更改 10050832 (在 08/17/2017 21:36:13 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议:
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O1_MF_1_718_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 10050832 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #718 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00354: corrupt redo log block header
ORA-00353: log corruption near block 60 change 23924938639111 time 08/17/2017 21:36:16
ORA-00334: archived log:
'D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ONLINELOG\O1_MF_1_DN9MV661_.LOG'

到这一步，只能通过屏蔽oracle 事务前滚，强制拉库恢复。

SQL> startup pfile='d:/app/pfile.txt' mount;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 1.0301E+10 bytes
Fixed Size                  3842760 bytes
Variable Size            1778388280 bytes
Database Buffers         8489271296 bytes
Redo Buffers               29708288 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: 更改 10050832 (在 08/17/2017 21:36:13 生成) 对于线程 1 是必需的
ORA-00289: 建议: D:\APP\ORACLE\FAST_RECOVERY_AREA\XIFENFEI\ARCHIVELOG\2017_08_17\O
1_MF_1_718_%U_.ARC
ORA-00280: 更改 10050832 (用于线程 1) 在序列 #718 中
指定日志: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: 'D:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\XIFENFEI\DATAFILE\O1_MF_SYSTEM_DN9M
N5OT_.DBF'
ORA-01112: 未启动介质恢复
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
数据库已更改。

根据客户反馈系统运行的是9.2.0.8版本,但是服务器上面安装有10.2.0.1服务端,由于使用过10.2启动过数据库导致现在9.2.0.8无法启动.
数据库启动报错

Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.8.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
…………
  db_cache_size            = 209715200
  compatible               = 9.2.0.0.0
  db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
  fast_start_mttr_target   = 300
…………
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 7517
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 7517
  Current log# 1 seq# 7517 mem# 0: F:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORACLE\REDO01.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\udump\oracle_ora_3908.trc:
ORA-00704: 引导程序进程失败
ORA-00604: 递归 SQL 层 1 出现错误
ORA-01406: 读取的列值被截断
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_pmon_2124.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_reco_2556.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Tue Apr 25 21:16:20 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_smon_628.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Tue Apr 25 21:16:21 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_ckpt_2212.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Tue Apr 25 21:16:21 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_lgwr_2756.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Tue Apr 25 21:16:21 2017
Errors in file f:\oracle\admin\oracle\bdump\oracle_dbw0_1756.trc:
ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3908
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

错误比较明显bootstrap$的相关sql在递归的时候报错(ORA-01406)

我们分析alert日志

---9.2.0.1版本运行了很长时间
Mon Apr 13 20:44:29 2009
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
SCN scheme 2
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.1.0.
--然后升级到9.2.0.8
Thu Jun 18 17:32:09 2015
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
SCN scheme 2
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 9.2.0.8.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
…………
Thu Jun 18 17:32:18 2015
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Thu Jun 18 17:32:19 2015
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Thu Jun 18 17:32:19 2015
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Thu Jun 18 17:32:19 2015
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Updating 9.2.0.1.0 NLS parameters in sys.props$
-- adding 9.2.0.8.0 NLS parameters.
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Completed: alter database open
…………
Thu Jun 18 17:38:32 2015
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Thu Jun 18 17:38:33 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET _system_trig_enabled=FALSE SCOPE=MEMORY;
Thu Jun 18 17:38:33 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET job_queue_processes=0 SCOPE=MEMORY;
Thu Jun 18 17:38:33 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET aq_tm_processes=0 SCOPE=MEMORY;
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN MIGRATE
--再升级到10.2.0.1
ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
  processes                = 150
  timed_statistics         = TRUE
  sga_max_size             = 1610612736
  shared_pool_size         = 209715200
  large_pool_size          = 8388608
  java_pool_size           = 159383552
  streams_pool_size        = 50331648
  control_files            = F:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORACLE\CONTROL01.CTL
  db_block_size            = 8192
  db_cache_size            = 209715200
  compatible               = 9.2.0.0.0
…………
Thu Jun 18 19:43:30 2015
Database Characterset is ZHS16GBK
Updating 9.2.0.8.0 NLS parameters in sys.props$
-- adding 10.2.0.1.0 NLS parameters.
…………
Thu Jun 18 19:43:44 2015
ALTER SYSTEM enable restricted session;
MMNL started with pid=12, OS id=5212
Thu Jun 18 19:43:44 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET _system_trig_enabled=FALSE SCOPE=MEMORY;
Thu Jun 18 19:43:44 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET aq_tm_processes=0 SCOPE=MEMORY;
Thu Jun 18 19:43:44 2015
ALTER SYSTEM SET resource_manager_plan='' SCOPE=MEMORY;
Thu Jun 18 19:43:44 2015
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN MIGRATE

这里很明显数据库从2009年4月开始9.2.0.1版本开始运行,然后到2015年6月18日升级到9.2.0.8版本,紧接着升级到10.2.0.1(升级8.2.0.8是为升级10.2.0.1的中间过度操作).然后这个库一直使用10.2.0.1版本运行,这次重启不知道什么原因客户以为是9.2.0.8的数据库版本,然后不管怎么样也无法启动成功(这里不知道什么原因win 服务中使用的9.2.0.8的软件,估计被人误操作了).解决该问题,就是把服务切换成10.2.0.1版本数据库正常启动.
再次提醒大家，在oracle恢复的过程中,需要仔细分析日志,日志不会骗人,不要轻信客户的现场描述